现代汉语与罗马尼亚语的时体比较

发布时间：2018-02-12 10:35

本文关键词： 罗马尼亚语汉语时制时体比较　出处：《浙江师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：罗马尼亚语和汉语属于两种不同的语系,罗马尼亚语属于印欧语系拉语族,而汉语属于汉藏语系。两者的基本构造不同,罗马尼亚语是一种形态变化很丰富的语言,两种语言所属的时间系统也不同。本文为了让以罗马尼亚语为母语的学汉语的学生更好地理解汉语的时体,从语用的角度来比较了罗马尼亚语和汉语的时体,归纳了两者之间的相同点,揭示不同之处。本论文主要讨论一下几个问题： 1、罗马尼亚语的时体系统。罗马尼亚语的“时”指现在时,过去时和将来时,由动词后缀和词尾来表示。不同的时、人称、数用不同的后缀和词尾来表示“时”范畴。罗马尼亚语缺少“体”范畴,只由词汇手段来表达动作的起始、持续、进行、完成及经历。 2、汉语的时体系统。汉语的“时”分为过去时、现在时、将来时,主要通过时间名词和时间副词来表达。汉语的“体”分为起始体、进行体、持续体、完成体及经历体,主要由动态助词“了、着、过”和副词来表达。 3、比较罗马尼亚语与汉语的时体系统。两者表示“时”的方式不存在对应的关系,罗马尼亚语的“时”很复杂,动词有人称、数的变化,表示“时”的后缀和词尾都要承担这些变化。虽然汉语的“体”和罗马尼亚语的“体”有一些相同点,但是比罗马尼亚语的“体”复杂的多,罗马尼亚语只通过词汇手段,尤其是动词,才能表示动作的状态。本文也对罗马尼亚语与汉语的助词进行了比较。
[Abstract]:Romanian and Chinese belong to two different languages , the Romanian belongs to Indo - European languages , while Chinese belong to the Chinese - Tibetan language system . The basic structure of the two languages is different . Romanian is a very rich language , and the two languages belong to different time systems . In this paper , in order to make the students of Chinese in the native language of Romana better understand Chinese , the similarities between Roman and Chinese are compared from the pragmatic perspective , and the differences are revealed . This paper mainly discusses several issues : 1 . The time system of Romanian . When Romana ' s " time " refers to the present time , past tense and future , it is represented by the suffix of the verb and the word tail . When different , people say that the numbers are represented by different suffix and suffix . The Romanian language lacks the " body " category , and only lexical means is used to express the beginning , duration , progress , completion and experience of the action . 2 . In Chinese , the " time " of Chinese is divided into the past tense , the present time , and the future , mainly through time nouns and time adverbial words . The " body " of Chinese is divided into the starting body , the body , the continuous body , the complete body and the experience body , which are mainly expressed by the dynamic words " , " , " and " . There are no corresponding relations between Romanian and Chinese . The " time " of Romanian is very complicated , and the verb is called " time " . Although there are some similarities between the " body " of Chinese and the " body " of Romanian , the Romanian language can only express the state of action by means of lexical means , especially verbs . This paper also compares the words of Romanian and Chinese .

【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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