对德汉语初级口语教学难点与对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 01:49

本文关键词： 对外汉语教学德国学生语音词汇语法　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：深圳市德资企业较多,许多德国人有学习汉语的需要。本文所调查的对象为德国成人学生,他们并非留学生,学习汉语主要因为日常交流的需要。本文通过教学实践,预测和分析他们学习过程中会出现的难点,并作出分析,通过课堂实践和设计测试问卷的方法搜集资料,分析他们在学习汉语的过程中遇到的比较典型的难点并尽可能给出解决办法。本文通过教学实践和问卷测试,对32名汉语初级水平德国学生进行研究,讨论他们学习汉语的难点、难点出现的原因,给出教学建议。本文分四个部分。第一章是绪论,主要阐述了本文研究对象及前人的研究成果,提出研究思路与研究方法。第二章对比了德语汉语辅音、元音的的异同之处,总结出德国学生汉语中辅音、元音学习方面的难点,汉语德语声调之间不存在可比性,学生在学习声调时受母语的负迁移影响,将德语的语调同汉语中的声调混淆。第三章提出了词汇中量词教学难点与对策问题。德语中不存在量词,但是汉语中量词在德语中的翻译有规律可言,量词的学习可以利用这些规律。第四章分析了语法教学中“的”字结构、“了”“着"“过”的教学难点,难点出现的原因,并提出行之有效的教学对策或者建议。
[Abstract]:There are many German enterprises in Shenzhen, and many Germans have the need to learn Chinese. The subjects investigated in this paper are German adult students, they are not foreign students, they learn Chinese mainly because of the need of daily communication. To predict and analyze the difficulties that will arise in their learning process, and to collect data through classroom practice and the design of test questionnaires. This paper analyzes the typical difficulties they encounter in the process of learning Chinese and gives the solutions as far as possible. Based on the teaching practice and questionnaire test, this paper studies 32 German students of Chinese primary level, discusses the difficulties in learning Chinese and the reasons for the difficulties, and gives some teaching suggestions. This paper is divided into four parts. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly elaborated the research object and the predecessor's research achievement, proposed the research thought and the research method. The second chapter has contrasted the German Chinese consonant, the vowel similarities and differences, the second chapter has compared the German Chinese consonant, the vowel similarities and differences, Summing up the difficulties in the study of consonants and vowels in German students, there is no comparability between Chinese and German tones, and the students are influenced by the negative transfer of their mother tongue in tone learning. The third chapter puts forward the difficulties and countermeasures in the teaching of classifiers in vocabulary. There are no classifiers in German, but the translation of quantifiers in Chinese is regular. The study of classifiers can be made use of these rules. Chapter 4th analyzes the "character structure", the teaching difficulties and the causes of the difficulties in grammar teaching, and puts forward some effective teaching countermeasures or suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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