关联理论视角下口译效度研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 02:29

本文关键词： 关联理论最佳关联口译效度交际目的推理　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文尝试从关联理论视角研究口译的评判标准。关联理论是用来指导交际的认知语用理论，对口译现象具有最强解释力。根据关联理论，人类交际是一个明示推理过程，说话人提供证据使其话语对听众显映，而听话人通过选择恰当语境和话语推理的方法寻求最佳关联。当听众能够在不多花精力的情况下理解话语内涵并且这个内涵值得所花费的精力时，最佳关联就能实现。在关联理论的框架下，口译包含了两个明示推理的过程，译员既是听众也是说话人：作为听众，口译员需充分利用认知语境来推断说话人明示话语中的含义；作为说话人，口译员则要采用最具关联性的明示话语，改变听众的认知语境，成功实现交际意图。能够成功实现最佳关联，了解交际意图，口译也就能确保成功。此外，本文也从关联视角讨论评判口译质量的两个方面--效度和信度，并进一步探讨两者之间的关系。效度是指说话人的目的或意图多大程度上被听话人所识别；信度是指译文语码能在多大程度上再现原文的文体特征及其艺术效果。理想的译文是效度和信度的高度统一，但是，，一般而言，在两者无法兼顾的情形下，口译首先要保证译文的效度，在此前提下，追求更高的信度。为了获得高效度的口译，译员需正确推断说话人的目的，遵循最佳关联的规则，并且灵活运用正确的语码描述说话人的意图。因此，本文提出了一些策略提高口译效度：译前的充分准备、提高推断说话者意图的能力及灵活运用口译策略如直接口译和间接口译。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to study the criterion of interpretation from the perspective of relevance theory, which is a cognitive pragmatic theory used to guide communication and has the strongest explanatory power for interpreting phenomena. According to relevance theory, human communication is an ostensive-inferential process. The speaker provides evidence to make his words visible to the audience, The hearer seeks the best relevance by choosing the appropriate context and discourse reasoning. When the listener can understand the meaning of the discourse without much effort and the connotation is worth the effort, the optimal relevance can be realized. Within the framework of relevance theory, interpretation consists of two processes of ostensive-inferential reasoning. Interpreters are both listeners and speakers: as listeners, interpreters need to make full use of cognitive context to infer the meaning of the speaker's explicit utterance; as speakers, the interpreter is the speaker. The interpreter should adopt the most relevant explicit discourse, change the cognitive context of the audience, and realize the communicative intention successfully. The interpreter can successfully realize the best relevance and understand the communicative intention, and the interpretation can ensure the success. In addition, this paper also discusses two aspects of judging interpretation quality from the perspective of relevance-validity and reliability, and further discusses the relationship between them. Validity refers to the extent to which the speaker's purpose or intention is recognized by the addressee; Reliability refers to the extent to which the source code can reproduce the stylistic features of the original text and its artistic effect. In order to obtain efficient interpretation, the interpreter should correctly infer the speaker's purpose and follow the rules of optimal relevance. And flexible use of the correct code to describe the speaker's intention. Therefore, this paper proposes some strategies to improve the interpretation validity: adequate preparation before translation. To improve the ability to infer the speaker's intention and to use interpreting strategies such as direct and indirect interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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