俄日韩留学生汉语声调的实验语音学对比分析

发布时间：2018-02-28 06:42

本文关键词： 实验语音学声调语音教学　出处：《黑龙江大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉语是有声调语言,而俄语、日语、韩国语是无声调语言。所以,俄日韩三国留学生在学习汉语的过程中对汉语声调的学习会感到困难,产生“洋腔洋调”现象。因此,本论文尝试运用实验语音学的研究方法,以在华学习的初级汉语水平俄罗斯、日本、韩国留学生为研究对象,采用实验语音软件——南开大学桌上语音工作室(Mini Speech Lab),对三个国家留学生的汉语单字音声调、双字音声调进行对比分析。本文研究发现,初级汉语水平俄日韩留学生在单字音声调和双字音声调中都有很多相似性偏误,比如,单字音方面,阴平调音高偏低；阳平调易误读,与上声调易混淆；上声调发音不准确,个体差异较大。双字音方面,受单字音偏误的影响,也发生了很多偏误。其中,调值、调型方面的偏误与单字音调值、调型偏误较接近；在上声调连读时,前字的上声调均没有产生变调现象。在偏误产生的原因方面,三个国家的留学生也有很多相似点：受母语负迁移、汉语声调发音的生理和声学特征的影响,以及声调教学的抽象性影响。本研究把语音教学作为研究的出发点,把学者们一直规避的和留学生一直掌握不好的声调作为研究对象,进而尝试对不同国家留学生汉语声调进行对比分析,使其量化、具体化。这些将会对一直薄弱的对外汉语语音教学提供一定的现实帮助。
[Abstract]:Chinese is a tone language, while Russian, Japanese and Korean are non-tone languages. Therefore, students from Russia, Japan and South Korea will find it difficult to learn Chinese tones in the process of learning Chinese, which will lead to the phenomenon of "foreign tonality". This thesis attempts to use the experimental phonetics research method to study the primary Chinese level of Russian, Japan and South Korea students in China as the object of study. Using the experimental phonetic software, Mini Speech Laban, a speech studio on the desk of Nankai University, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the tones of Chinese single and double characters among students from three countries. Primary Chinese proficiency Russian, Japanese and Korean students have a lot of similar errors in the tone of a single tone and a tone of two characters. For example, in terms of a single tone, the tone of Yin and flat tone is high on the low side, the positive tone is easy to misread and is easily confused with the upper tone, and the pronunciation of the upper tone is not accurate. There is a great difference between individual and individual. A lot of errors also occur in double tone, which are influenced by single-tone errors. The errors in modulation and tone are similar to those in single word, and in the combination of tone and tone, the errors in tone are similar to those in tone of tone, and when the tone of tone is connected with tone, the error of tone is similar to that of tone of a single word. In terms of the causes of errors, students from the three countries also have many similarities: influenced by the negative transfer of their mother tongue, the physiological and acoustic characteristics of Chinese tone pronunciation, And the abstract influence of tone teaching. This study takes phonetic teaching as the starting point of the research, takes the tone that the scholars have been avoiding and the students who have not grasped the tone as the object of study, and then attempts to compare and analyze the Chinese tones of foreign students from different countries, so as to quantify them. These will provide some practical help to the weak teaching of Chinese as a foreign language pronunciation.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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