布依语四音格研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 20:20

  本文选题：布依语　切入点：四音格　出处：《中央民族大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以研究较为薄弱的布依语四音格为对象,运用结构语言学、认知语言学等相关知识,以共时描写和定量分析为基本方法,对搜集到的布依语四音格语料从语音结构、构成方式、声调形式、语义特点、语法形式等方面进行描述性的分析。文章由五部分构成： 绪论阐述选题缘由和意义,介绍前人研究动态,说明语料来源及研究方法,简介布依族及布依语的基本情况。本文将布依语四音格界定为“由四个音节按一定的结构规则组合起来的,形式相对固定,语义整体、概括,在句中的作用相当于词,不能轻易拆分改变的一种语言结构单位”。 第一章布依语四音格的语音分析。通过分类整理搜集到的语料考察了布依语四音格的音节形式、语音特征和声韵调情况。布依语的四音格主要有ABAC型、ABCD型、AABB型、ABAB型、ABCC型、ABCB型等6种音节形式,其中ABAC型占绝对优势。在语音上以二二节拍与复沓和谐为主要特征。声韵调方面,受带重言音节的四音格影响,声韵关系以1、3音节最多；排除重言音节后,双声、叠韵的分布不具典型性,韵母多有和谐关系；声调和声韵情况没有必然联系,独立存在。ABAC型四音格的变式ABACⅡ属于变调重叠,特点是2、4音节声韵相同、声调相异,一般第4音节为第六调。 第二章布依语四音格的语法分析。从语法角度考察布依语四音格的构成方式、词类特点以及句法功能。布依语四音格的构成方式主要有连绵、重叠、复合、附加、嵌入预制语块等。由重叠得来的四音格和原式相比,具有强调、加深语义的作用。四成以上的布依语四音格带有预制语块,嵌入式预制语块中的固定框架有提示作用,可以保持语义的整体性；空框部分可插入不同的语素,能产性强。 从词类上看,可分为名词性、动词性、形容词性、副词性和摹态的四音格。布依语四音格在句子中作为一个整体使用,可充当主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等多种语法成分。 第三章布依语四音格的语义简析。根据是否每个音节都有实义,分为有衬音成分的四音格和无衬音成分的四音格。层次方面,可切分为单层语义、双层语义、不对称语义、多层语义的四音格；并进一步解析了双层语义和多层语义层次四音格的内部关系。从语义内容上看,布依语四音格主要反映和描写与生产生活密切相关的事物。四音格表义,具有增量性、形象性和凝固性。最后,对布依语四音格中大量出现的近义词及其成因进行了说明。 结语总结前文,指出文章的不足及今后的研究方向。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the weak four-syllable case in Buyi language, applies the relevant knowledge of structural linguistics and cognitive linguistics, and takes synchronic description and quantitative analysis as the basic method to analyze the phonetics structure of the four-syllable data collected from the Buyi language. The composition, tone form, semantic characteristics, grammatical form and other aspects of descriptive analysis. The article is composed of five parts:. The introduction explains the reason and significance of choosing the topic, introduces the former research trends, explains the source of the corpus and the research methods. This paper defines the four-syllable lattice in Buyi as "composed of four syllables according to certain structural rules, relatively fixed in form, as a whole in semantics, generalized and used as words in sentences." A unit of language structure that cannot be easily broken up. The first chapter is the phonological analysis of the four-syllable lattice in Buyi language. The data collected from the classification is used to investigate the syllable form of the four-syllable lattice in Buyi language. In Buyi language, there are six kinds of syllable forms, such as ABAC / ABCD / AABB / AABB / ABCC / ABCC / ABCB, among which ABAC is the dominant type, and the main phonetic features are the harmony of two or two beats and repetition. In the aspect of phonological tone, there are six kinds of syllable forms in Buyi language. Under the influence of the four-syllable lattice with stress syllable, the phonological relation is the most in 1 / 3 syllable; after excluding the stress syllable, the distribution of double and repeated rhyme is not typical, and the vowels are mostly harmonious; there is no necessary relation between the tone and the phonological situation. The variant ABAC 鈪，

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