从语义和交际翻译的角度看杨译《儒林外史》中文化负载词的翻译

发布时间：2018-03-06 09:11

本文选题：儒林外史　切入点：语义翻译　出处：《赣南师范学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《儒林外史》是中国古典文学中有很高学术价值的写实性小说。这部小说第一次以文人的视角和价值标准，，描绘了中国的传统伦理道德、风俗、日常生活，深深印烙着中国封建科举时代的特征，给读者展现出一幅丰富的历史画卷。这些丰富的文化因素尤体现在含量最高的文化词语里。因此，文化词语的准确翻译成为再现小说封建思想文化的重要途径。笔者通过研究彼得·纽马克的语义翻译与交际翻译理论以及杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的翻译思想，发现二者有相通之处：语义翻译与交际翻译既各有强调又和谐为一，不可偏执于其一。杨氏夫妇主张想国外读者尽可能多的传播中国古典文化，同时也要为顺利交流做好准备。本文以此作为理论研究基础，对《儒林外史》中的译例进行分析，得出以下结论：要达到文化词英译的最佳效果，必须仔细分析不同的文化词所蕴涵的典型意义，然后采用不同翻译方法分别重点译出其所蕴涵的典型意义。由于文学作品中文化状态的复杂性，任何单一的翻译策略都不可能满足翻译需要。以哪种策略为主必然要求以另外一种方法为辅。因此，结合具体的文化语境，考虑译文的目的等因素对客观、科学地分析译作的翻译方法也是必要的。这样的译文才能最大限度的保留原语文化特色，确保译语读者能够欣赏到原文的民族特色。通过《儒林外史》中文化词翻译的研究，以及其中规律性的原则或方法的探索，将对不同文化之间文学作品的相互交流与发展产生积极的意义，同时也为未来文化词的翻译提供了一条新思路。本论文共分为五个主要部分。第一部分是引言，介绍了研究目的、研究背景、研究意义和论文的结构。第二部分是文献综述，对《儒林外史》的文学内涵进行了概括，并介绍了其各种英译尤其是杨宪益夫妇的英译本。第三部分是本文的理论基础。本文的理论指导是彼特纽马克的语义和交际翻译。笔者简要介绍了纽马克关于文本的三种分类类型，对各种不同类型的文本进行了不同翻译策略的阐释，并总结了杨宪益夫妇的翻译思想，为下一步论证做铺垫。第四部分将《儒林外史》中文化负载词分成四个方面，逐一分析了不同种类文化负载词的英译策略，指出其优劣，并对不足之处给出建议。第五部分对本研究进行了总结，并为中国古典小说的文化词翻译提出新的思路。
[Abstract]:"the History of Confucianism" is a realistic novel with high academic value in Chinese classical literature. For the first time, this novel depicts Chinese traditional ethics, customs and daily life from the perspective of the literati and the standard of value. Deeply engraved with the characteristics of the feudal imperial examinations of China, the readers are shown a rich historical picture. These rich cultural factors are especially reflected in the most abundant cultural words. The accurate translation of cultural words has become an important way to reproduce feudal ideology and culture in novels. By studying Peter Newmark's theory of semantic translation and communicative translation, as well as the translation thoughts of Yang Xianyi and Danaidi, the author finds that there are similarities between them: semantic translation and communicative translation are both emphasized and harmonious. Yang and his wife advocate that foreign readers should spread Chinese classical culture as much as possible, and at the same time prepare for a smooth communication. This paper takes this as the theoretical basis for the analysis of the translation cases in the History of Confucianism. The following conclusions are drawn: in order to achieve the best effect of translating cultural words into English, we must carefully analyze the typical meanings contained in different cultural words. Then different translation methods are used to focus on the typical meaning of the translation, because of the complexity of the cultural state in the literary works. Any single translation strategy can not satisfy the translation needs. Which strategy is the main one must be supplemented by another method. Therefore, considering the objective factors such as the purpose of the translation, combined with the specific cultural context, It is also necessary to scientifically analyze the translation methods in order to preserve the cultural characteristics of the source language to the maximum extent and to ensure that the target language readers can enjoy the national characteristics of the original text. The exploration of regular principles and methods will bring positive meaning to the communication and development of literary works between different cultures, and will also provide a new way of thinking for the translation of cultural words in the future. This paper is divided into five main parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the purpose, background, significance and structure of the paper. The second part is the literature review, which summarizes the literary connotation of "the History of Confucianism". The third part is the theoretical basis of this thesis. The theoretical guidance of this paper is Peter Newmark's semantic and communicative translation. The author briefly introduces Newmark's works. Three types of classification of Ben, This paper interprets different translation strategies of different types of texts, summarizes the translation thoughts of the couple Yang Xianyi, and paves the way for further argumentation. Part 4th divides the culture-loaded words in the History of Confucianism into four aspects. This paper analyzes the translation strategies of different culture-loaded words one by one, points out their advantages and disadvantages, and gives some suggestions on their shortcomings. Part 5th summarizes the present study and puts forward a new way of thinking for the translation of cultural words in Chinese classical novels.
【学位授予单位】：赣南师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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