现代汉语“前后”“左右”“上下”的语义和用法研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 21:19

本文选题：“前后”　切入点：“左右”　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“前后”、“左右”、“上下”是生活中频繁使用的词语，它们的语义广用法多样，且彼此间既有交叉又有区别，容易引起混淆。本文以语料库中分别出现“前后”、“左右”、“上下”的例句为依据，重点考察这几个词的空间义、时间义和概数义等语义，并在此基础上探讨这三个词与其它词或者词组进行搭配时的用法及选择机制。通过研究，希望能对目前“前后”、“左右”、“上下”的语义和用法做出完整系统的考察，从而为今后的进一步深入研究打下基础，同时为汉语教学和自动分词等领域提供一些参考和借鉴。全文共分六章：第一章是绪论。该章首先界定我们的研究对象，然后介绍研究的意义，接着对目前国内外的研究状况进行评述，在此基础上借鉴前人的研究成果，提出本文的研究方法和策略。最后介绍我们所采用的语料及处理方法。第二章研究“前后”的语义和用法。本章在大量语料的基础上总结分析了“前后”的空间义和时间义，然后重点讨论了“X+前后”和“前后+X”格式对“X”的选择，以及“X”进入“X+前后”后的语法特点变化。第三章分析“左右”的语义和用法。本章主要讨论了“左右”的空间义、时间义和概数义。在此基础上，着重分析了“X+左右”格式在时间义和概数义上的用法，探讨了各种可能的结构形式。第四章论述“上下”的语义和用法。依据“上下”在不同语境下表述的不同，，描述了“上下”的语义，重点探讨了“X+上下”格式在表概数义时上的用法以及和此格式相关联的动词。第五章在前三章的基础上，分别对“前后”和“左右”在表示时间约量上的语义分布和用法表现，“左右”和“上下”在表示数量约量上的语义分布和用法表现作了细致比较，系统地对“前后”、“左右”、“上下”的表义辖域和用法区别作了介绍，并对三者之间的共性和差异从认知角度给出了可能的解释。第六章是结语部分。该章首先对本文的主要内容进行了总结，进而提出存在的不足和尚需解决的问题，并对未来的研究作了展望。
[Abstract]:The words "before and after", "left and right", "up and down" are frequently used in life. Based on the examples of "before and after", "left and right", "up and down" in the corpus, this paper focuses on the spatial meaning, temporal meaning and general number meaning of these words. On the basis of this, the usage and selection mechanism of the three words collocation with other words or phrases are discussed. Through the research, we hope to make a complete and systematic investigation on the semantics and usage of "before and after", "left and right", "up and down", etc. It will lay a foundation for further research and provide some references for Chinese teaching and automatic word segmentation. The full text is divided into six chapters:. The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter first defines our research object, then introduces the significance of the study, then reviews the current research situation at home and abroad, and draws lessons from the previous research results. The research methods and strategies of this paper are put forward. Finally, the corpus and processing methods are introduced. The second chapter studies the semantics and usage of "before and after". This chapter summarizes and analyzes the spatial meaning and temporal meaning of "before and after" on the basis of a large number of corpus, and then discusses the choice of "X" in "before and after" and "before and after X". And the change of grammatical characteristics after "X" entering "X". The third chapter analyzes the semantics and usage of "left and right". This chapter mainly discusses the spatial meaning, temporal meaning and approximate meaning of "left and right". Various possible structural forms are discussed. Chapter 4th discusses the semantics and usage of "Shang and Xia". According to the different expressions of "Shang and Xia" in different contexts, it describes the semantics of "Upper and Lower". This paper mainly discusses the use of "X up and down" format in table estimation and the verbs associated with it. On the basis of the first three chapters, Chapter 5th makes a detailed comparison of the semantic distribution and usage of "before and after" and "left and right" in the representation of the approximate amount of time, and the semantic distribution and usage of "left and right" and "up and down" on the representation of the quantity of approximate quantity. This paper systematically introduces the meaning and usage differences of "before and after", "left and right", "up and down", and gives a possible explanation of the commonness and difference between them from the perspective of cognition. Chapter 6th is the conclusion part. This chapter summarizes the main contents of this paper, then puts forward the shortcomings and problems that need to be solved, and makes a prospect for the future research.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】