英日汉眼、目词汇的隐喻认知对比

发布时间：2018-03-10 03:37

本文选题：眼目隐喻　切入点：二语　出处：《太原理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文基于隐喻认知的共性和民族性,通过对中英日辞书以及部分日常生活中的眼目词汇进行语料收集,比较分析,结合定量分析统计,在目标域和始源域互相映射,具有互动性的理论框架下对人体隐喻的—种：眼/目词汇的隐喻认知进行了系统研究。探讨了三语中眼目词汇的隐喻认知特点及其相似性和差异性,隐喻表现形式及其相似性和差异性,各自相似性和差异性原因。研究的意义在于深化隐喻认知的理论知识,对隐喻定义,本质和认知功能,隐喻的两个重要项：目标域和始源域等进行详细阐述,以便解决实践中师生在教授和学习二语以及三语的过程中存在的困惑,并且为眼/目隐喻在教学中应用于提供相应的建议。本文创新之处在于对三种语言进行对比,缩小了研究范围,(仅仅)对人体隐喻的一种：眼目隐喻进行研究。同时,本文还加入了眼目隐喻词汇表现形式的分析,对比和研究。本文的主要贡献如下： 1.研究了英日汉眼目词汇隐喻认知特点的共性和差异性。相似性如下：(1)眼目隐喻词汇的目标域和投射层次都是多样化的；(2)目标域类别具有相似性；(3)同一意义的眼目词汇都存在多种表达方式；(4)存在意义形式完全对称的眼目词汇；(5)三语中的眼目词汇都基于语义偏移形成隐喻并都趋于常规化。差异性如下：(1)三语中眼目词汇对称性有差异：有些词汇在某一种语言中缺失；有些基本意义同但至少在一种语言中的目标域不同；有些基本意义不同,至少一种语言中的目标域也不同；有些基本意义不同但在三语中的目标域却都相同；(2)始源域的能动性有差异,汉语日语能动性大,英语小；(3)表达多样性也具有差异,同一眼目词汇日语表达方式最多,汉语次之,英语最少。(4)相似性多于差异性。 2.探讨了英日汉眼目词汇隐喻认知的表现形式,相似性及差异性。相似性主要是：三语中眼目隐喻词汇都存在前后修饰,修饰成分大多是名词,名词短语,动词,形容词；前修饰中都存在名词,动词形容词。差异性(如下)表现在：修饰成分的位置有差异,日语可以零修饰而英汉语则不行；修饰成分有各自独特性,汉语可以加叠词,日语可以加格助词,英语则不能。 3.从文化,认知思维和语言三方面详尽分析了英日汉眼目词汇隐喻认知特点,表现形式共性以及差异性的原因。本文的局限性在于语料的来源只是英日汉语中一些权威的字典词典,而忽视了日常生活中的眼目隐喻词汇。同时,本文的语料例子有些不足,分析也有欠佳之处。本文研究需要进一步深化,在多语言比较的背景下,如果再加入德语,韩语等语言进行对比研究,那么该研究就会更加完善。同时,范围缩小到眼目隐喻词汇中某一词性如：眼目隐喻动词,名词,代词,形容词等更值得深入研究探讨。另外,如能将眼目隐喻词汇从过去到现在的变化,即历时和共时相结合,那么研究将更有意义。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the common cognitive metaphor and nationality based on Chinese and English dictionaries by day and part of daily life the eyes of vocabulary data collection, comparative analysis, combining quantitative statistical analysis, mapping each other in the target domain and Siwon domain, with the theoretical framework of the interaction of human body metaphor: an eye / a the study of metaphor in cognitive system mesh vocabulary. Discusses the characteristics of cognitive metaphor in the language and vocabulary of three eyes of similarities and differences, metaphor forms and the similarities and differences of their similarity and diversity reasons.
The significance of the study is to deepen the theoretical knowledge of cognitive metaphor, metaphor definition, nature and cognitive function of metaphor, two important items: the target domain and Siwon domain in details, in order to solve the existing process of practice teachers and students learning a two language and three language teaching and in the confusion, and eye metaphor in the teaching of applied to provide corresponding suggestions.
The innovation of this paper is to narrow the scope of research by comparing three languages. (2) only one kind of eye metaphor is studied. At the same time, this paper also adds the analysis, contrast and research of eye metaphor expressions.
The main contributions of this article are as follows:
1. the study of the similarities and differences of Metaphor Cognitive Characteristics of eye words. The similarity is as follows: (1) eye metaphor target domain and projection level are diverse; (2) thetargetdomaincategoriesaresimilar; (3) the same meaning of eye words there are a variety of expressions; (4 the meaning of existence) completely symmetrical form of eye words; (5) the eye words in three languages are based on semantic shift form metaphor and have tended to be routine. The differences are as follows: (1) symmetry of eye words in three languages are different: some words are missing in a language; some have the same basic meaning but at least in a language in different target domains; some of the basic meaning of different target domain, at least in a language are different; some basic meaning but different target domain in the three language are the same; (2) initiative of the Siwon domain between Chinese and Japanese can (3) the diversity of expression is also different. In the same eye, Japanese expressions are the most, followed by Chinese and the least in English. (4) similarities are more than differences.
The 2. discusses the form of eye words metaphor, similarities and differences. The main similarity is three words: eye metaphor words all exist in before and after modification, the modifier is mostly a noun, noun phrase, verb, adjective noun; amongtheforemodifications verb, adjective. Difference (as follows) in the positions of modifiers are different, the Japanese can be modified in English and Chinese is not zero; the modifier has its own uniqueness, can add Chinese reduplicated words in Japanese, English is not gag particle.
3. from the cultural, cognitive thinking and language three aspects detailed analysis of Metaphor Cognitive Characteristics of eye words, forms of commonness and differences.
The limitation of this paper is that the source of corpus is just some authoritative dictionary dictionaries in English and Japanese, but it ignores the metaphor words in daily life. Meanwhile, the corpus examples in this paper are somewhat inadequate and the analysis is not good enough.
It is necessary to deepen the research in multi language comparison in the background, if we add the German, Korean language study, so the study will be more perfect. At the same time, to narrow the range of eye metaphor in a part of speech such as Metaphor: the eyes of verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives and other more worthy of further study. In addition, if it can be eye metaphor from the past to now change, namely the diachronic and synchronic study, it will be more meaningful.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H05

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