现代汉语名量词隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 05:00

本文选题：现代汉语　切入点：名量词隐喻　出处：《浙江大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：拥有丰富的量词可以看作是汉语的一个重要特征,在汉语量词中,名量词除了限“量”的主要功能外,还拥有众多的语用修辞功能,而隐喻是其中一项重要的语用修辞功能。认知语言学对隐喻的全新解读为我们研究量词提供了新的途径,本文主要运用认知语言学的理论,尤其是隐喻与转喻的相关理论对现代汉语中的名量词隐喻现象进行研究。第一章介绍了本文研究的对象与范围、选题的目的与意义、理论背景、研究方法、语料来源。第二章介绍了认知语言学对隐喻的全新解读,并对转喻机制进行了简要的介绍,为本文的研究打下理论基础。第三章探讨了现代汉语名量词隐喻。我们通过将现代汉语中名量词隐喻与古代汉语中的隐喻和传统比喻修辞手法进行比较,归纳出现代汉语名量词隐喻属于结构隐喻,具有抽象的特征与对上下文语境依赖程度较小等特点。经研究我们还发现名量词隐喻产生的前提是量词对名词的反制约作用,名量词隐喻是对名量词进行“迁嫁”使用的结果。第四章按照认知目的与隐喻机制特点两条标准对现代汉语名量词隐喻进行了分类,按照认知目的标准笔者将现代汉语名量词隐喻分为认知性名量词隐喻与修辞性名量词隐喻,在名量词的适用对象范畴中,由核心区域到外围区域的过渡过程也是由认知性名量词隐喻向修辞性名量词隐喻过渡的过程；按照隐喻机制特点笔者将现代汉语名量词隐喻分为完整名量词隐喻、缺省量词隐喻、缺失名量词隐喻与容器名量词隐喻四类,其后的章节也围绕着这四类来展开。第五章主要对完整名量词隐喻进行了研究,经研究我们发现完整名量词隐喻属于修辞性隐喻,主要由临时名量词产生,产生的动因有“名十名”结构表隐喻这一语法层面的原因,也与人们对某些表量不要求精确有关。第六章主要对缺省名量词隐喻进行了研究,经研究我们发现缺省名量词隐喻的源域是缺省的,主要由语义特征丰富的常规专用量词产生。在没有语境对源域进行补足的情况下,名量词会起到中介作用,与靶域也即名量词所修饰的对象进行互动从而对源域进行补足。第七章主要对缺失名量词隐喻进行了研究,经研究我们发现缺失名量词隐喻属于认知性名量词隐喻,是一种贫乏映射,主要由二维形状名量词产生。缺失名量词隐喻具有对抽象名词隐喻的能力,反映了人类的认知规律。第八章主要对容器性名量词隐喻进行研究,经研究我们发现容器名量词隐喻是人类的“容器”意象图式与“主体与背景”等认知因素共同作用的结果,容器名量词隐喻也拥有对抽象名词的隐喻能力,是人类认知规律的反映。第九章是对全文的总结。
[Abstract]:Having abundant quantifiers can be regarded as an important feature of Chinese. In Chinese classifiers, besides the main functions of limiting "quantity", noun classifiers also have a lot of pragmatic and rhetorical functions. Metaphor is one of the important pragmatic rhetorical functions. The new interpretation of metaphor in cognitive linguistics provides a new way for us to study quantifiers. In particular, the theories of metaphor and metonymy are used to study the phenomenon of nominal-quantifier metaphor in modern Chinese. The first chapter introduces the object and scope of this paper, the purpose and significance of the topic, the theoretical background, the research methods, and the source of the corpus. Chapter two introduces the new interpretation of metaphor in cognitive linguistics and gives a brief introduction to metonymy mechanism, which lays a theoretical foundation for this study. The third chapter discusses the modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphor. By comparing the modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphor with the ancient Chinese metaphor and the traditional figurative rhetoric, we conclude that the modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphor belongs to structural metaphor. It is also found that the premise of noun quantifier metaphor is the counterrestriction of quantifier to nouns, and the Numeric quantifier metaphor is the result of the use of noun quantifiers. Chapter 4th classifies modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphors according to the characteristics of cognitive purpose and metaphorical mechanism, and classifies modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphors into cognitive nominal-quantifier metaphors and rhetorical nominal-quantifier metaphors. In the category of applicable objects, the transition from the core region to the peripheral region is also the transition process from cognitive nominal-quantifier metaphor to rhetorical nominal-quantifier metaphor. According to the characteristics of metaphorical mechanism, the author classifies modern Chinese nominal-classifier metaphor into four categories: complete nominal-classifier metaphor, default quantifier metaphor, missing nominal-quantifier metaphor and container nominal-classifier metaphor, and the subsequent chapters also focus on these four categories. Chapter 5th mainly studies the complete nominal-classifier metaphor. We find that the complete nominal-quantifier metaphor is a rhetorical metaphor, which is mainly produced by the temporary nominal-classifier. The motivation is the grammatical level of "name ten" structural table metaphor, and it is also related to the fact that people do not require precision for some table quantities. Chapter 6th focuses on the study of default Numeric quantifier metaphor, and we find that the source domain of default Numeric quantifier metaphor is default. In the absence of the context to complement the source domain, the noun quantifier will act as an intermediary and interact with the object modified by the target field, I. E. the Noun quantifier can complement the source domain. Chapter 7th mainly studies the missing nominal-quantifier metaphor. We find that the absent nominal-quantifier metaphor is a cognitive quantifier metaphor, which is a kind of poor mapping. The missing nominal-quantifier metaphor has the ability to abstract noun metaphor, which reflects the human cognitive law. Chapter 8th mainly studies the metaphor of container classifier. We find that the metaphor of container classifier is the result of human's "container" image schema and cognitive factors such as "subject and background". Container quantifier metaphor also has the metaphorical ability to abstract nouns, which is the reflection of human cognitive law. Chapter 9th is a summary of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15

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