英韩母语者留学生汉语四类对象格状语的习得情况考察

发布时间：2018-03-16 08:15

本文选题：对象格状语　切入点：中外对比　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：留学生汉语状语的习得一直是第二语言习得研究的重难点。但是,现阶段的汉语状语研究大多以形式驱动为主,探究不同句式和结构对状语习得的影响；从语义角度展开的研究并不多见。本文基于语料库中不同语义范畴状语的习得情况的对比研究,选取了留学生较易出错的对象格状语作为研究对象,对英韩不同母语者留学生汉语对象格状语的习得情况进行了考察。全文共分为三大部分：绪论、正文和结论。绪论部分阐述了本文的选题依据,介绍了目前学界关于对象格状语研究的概况,并以此为基础,对汉语中对象格状语的概念和范围进行了界定。除此之外,这一部分还对本文涉及到的理论背景和研究方法进行了说明。正文部分则主要分为三章：第一章以格语法理论为指导,按照对象格状语内部所表达的不同语言范畴,把汉语中的对象格状语分为了“针对对象”、“关涉对象”、“协同对象”和“比较对象”四类。以这四类对象格状语为框架,文章对汉英韩三种语言中的对象格状语进行了系统地研究。研究发现：(1)在构成成分上,汉英大致相同,都为“介词+对象成分”；而韩语则与之不同,为“助词+对象成分”。(2)在所处位置上,汉韩在对象格状语外部,即对象格状语整体在句中位置的优势序列上相同,为“句中句首句末”,英语则为“句末句首句中”；汉英在对象格状语内部,即对象格格标与对象成分的结合顺序上相同,为“格标+对象”,韩语与之相反,为“对象+格标”。(3)在对象格状语常用格标的数量上,汉语共有25个对象格常用格标,英语为23个,韩语则只有16个。第二章在全面对比汉英韩三种语言中的对象格状语异同的基础上,以埃克曼的“标记度差异假说”和普拉克特的“难度等级模式”为指导,对英韩母语者留学生习得汉语四类对象格状语时可能存在的不同发展序列进行了预测。其中,英语母语留学生在习得汉语对象格状语时可能存在这样的发展序列：比较对象协同对象表达对象关涉对象；而韩语母语留学生则可能存在下列的发展序列：表达对象=协同对象关涉对象比较对象。本章还在难度预测的基础上,完成了相关调查问卷的设计,同时对本次调查问卷的对象、设计原则和具体内容等进行了简单的介绍。第三章为调查结果的分析和总结。这一部分首先从母语、性别和汉语水平三个维度对影响留学生习得汉语对象格状语的因素进行了组别间的对比考察,调查发现：(1)母语对留学生四类对象格状语的整体习得无显著影响,但与四类对象格状语内部的习得发展序列有一定的相关性。(2)性别对留学生对象格状语的习得影响不大。(3)汉语水平是影响留学生对象格状语习得情况的重要因素。在此基础上,文章还对二语学习者在语言测试中出现的偏误情况进行了统计,统计表明：(1)不同母语学习者在习得汉语对象格状语时都会不同程度地受到汉语其他句式的影响。(2)总体来看,英语母语者较韩语母语者在习得汉语对象格状语时更易受母语影响。结论部分可以分为三个方面：结论、余论及相关教学建议。结论对本文的主要研究结果进行了概括,余论部分介绍了本文的创新点和不足之处,最后笔者根据本文的相关研究成果提出了一些针对性的教学建议。
[Abstract]:Students of Chinese adverbial acquisition has been a difficulty in second language acquisition studies. However, most of the current study of Chinese Adverbial in the form of drive, explore the impact of different patterns and structure of acquisition; research from the angle of semantics is rare. The comparative study of the acquisition of the category of adverbial's semantic corpus based on the selected students are more prone to adverbial object lattice as the research object, on the acquisition of English and Korean speakers of different Chinese adverbial object lattice were investigated. The full text is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. This topic on the basis of introduction, introduces the general situation of the current academic study on adverbial object lattice, and on this basis, the concept and scope of Chinese adverbial object lattice are defined. In addition, this part of the paper related to The theoretical background and research methods are described. The main part is divided into three chapters: the first chapter on the theory of case grammar as a guide, in accordance with the different category of language expression within the adverbial object lattice, Chinese adverbial object lattice divided into "target", "related to", "collaborative object" and the "object" four kinds. The four kinds of adverbial object lattice framework, this paper makes a systematic study of Chinese Han in the three languages. The study found: adverbial object lattice (1) in the composition, Chinese and English are roughly the same, "like component" preposition +; but in the Korean language in contrast, as the "auxiliary + component". (2) in the position, in the Chinese and Korean adverbial object lattice external, namely dominant sequence object lattice adverbial in the sentence position on the whole the same, "the sentence sentence at the end of the sentence", English is "at the end of the sentence sentence sentence" Chinese and English; In the internal object lattice adverbial, object and object component case mark with the order on the same, "gebiao + object", in contrast to Korean, "object + gebiao". (3) in the number of objects on the common lattice adverbial case marking, a total of 25 Chinese common object lattice gebiao 23, English, Korean is only 16. The second chapter in the comprehensive contrast of South Korea in three languages, the differences between the adverbial object lattice, to mark Ekman's "hypothesis of differences" and "s" difficulty level mode "as the guide, different development sequence may exist for native speakers of English and Korean students the acquisition of Chinese four class object lattice adverbial is predicted. Among them, English speaking students may exist in the development of such a sequence in the acquisition of Chinese adverbial object lattice: object collaborative object expression object concerned with the object; and Korean speaking students will be there The development of the following sequence: objects = collaborative object object object. Concerning this chapter is also the difficulty of prediction based on designed questionnaire, and the questionnaire object, design principle and concrete contents are briefly introduced. The third chapter is the analysis and summary of the survey results. Part of the first from the mother tongue, were investigated, compared among groups found that the three dimensions of gender factors and Chinese level of foreign students acquisition of Chinese adverbial object lattice: (1) no significant influence the whole acquisition of four kinds of adverbial object lattice of students, but the acquisition of development sequence and internal four objects lattice adverbials have some relevance. (2) sex has little influence on the acquisition of adverbial object lattice students. (3) Chinese level is an important factor affecting the acquisition of object lattice students. On this basis, this paper Show statistics, chapter two language learners in the language test error statistics: (1) different language learners will be affected by other Chinese sentences in the acquisition of Chinese adverbial object lattice. (2) overall, English speakers than Korean speakers more susceptible to the influence of mother tongue in the acquisition of Chinese adverbial object lattice. Conclusion part can be divided into three aspects: the conclusion and relevant teaching suggestions. The main conclusions of this study results are summarized, the part introduces the innovation and shortcomings of this paper, the author according to the research results of the paper put forward some specific teaching suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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