高语境和低语境人群在不同时间观方面的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 11:01

本文选题：跨文化交际　切入点：霍尔　出处：《青岛大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化和高科技的发展,世界各国人民的交流日趋频繁,交流的方式也呈现多样化,因此跨文化交际作为专门研究文化差异性的学科应运而生,并影响到其他各领域。因为文化差异性的存在,所以语言学家和社会学家不断探索各种文化研究模式来量化和对比种种不同点。总体来说,主流文化间的差异主要存在于东西方之间,这两方有各自的文化模式和交际原则。文化学家爱德华.霍尔提出了语境文化理论,他认为交际过程中信息传递的准确性离不开传递过程所处的语境,语境中隐含的大量信息是保证所传递信息准确性的必要条件。根据语境中所隐含的信息量的大小和传递的信息中隐性信息、显性信息所占的比例,霍尔将其分为高语境文化和低语境文化。高语境文化中语境携带的信息量大,所以在交际过程中通过语言编码传递的信息量较小；相反,在低语境文化中,主要的信息需要通过语言编码来实现。高语境文化和低语境文化对时间的观点也存在着截然不同的看法,高语境文化影响的国家以过去时间取向为主,注重历史和过去的经验、时间松散、时间量词相对较为模糊、对年龄较为尊重；大多数西方国家受低语境文化影响,它们以将来时间取向为主、时间安排高度计划,高度精确、对年龄的看法也和高语境文化截然相反、时间量词相对精确。本文以霍尔的高、低语境文化为理论依据,通过探索形成语境文化差异的原因来分析形成时间取向差异的原因,并以解决时间取向差异引发的文化冲突为主要目的来进行论证。本文引用了霍尔以及其他语言学家的统计数据,东方佛教、道教、儒家思想以及西方基督教思想对语境文化和时间取向的深远影响,历史的影响,并且结合中美两国常见的时间量词、对年龄和“老”的看法、时间取向、有关时间的俚语、成语等方面来进行时间取向的对比分析,并提出解决冲突的策略。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and high technology, the communication between people all over the world is becoming more and more frequent and the ways of communication are diversified. Therefore, intercultural communication, as a subject specialized in studying cultural differences, has emerged as the times require. Because of the existence of cultural differences, linguists and sociologists continue to explore various cultural research models to quantify and contrast the differences. The differences between the mainstream cultures mainly exist between the East and the West. The two sides have their own cultural models and communication principles. The cultural scientist Edward Hall has put forward the theory of contextual culture. He believes that the accuracy of information transmission in the communication process can not be separated from the context in which the communication process is conducted. The large amount of information implied in the context is a necessary condition to ensure the accuracy of the information transmitted. According to the size of the information implied in the context and the proportion of the implicit information in the transmitted information, the proportion of explicit information, Hall divides it into high context culture and low context culture. In high context culture, context carries a large amount of information, so the amount of information transmitted through language coding in communication process is relatively small; on the contrary, in low context culture, The main information needs to be realized by language coding. There are also different views on time in high context culture and low context culture. Countries with high context culture influence mainly on past time orientation and pay attention to history and past experience. Time is loose, time quantifiers are relatively vague and respect for age. Most western countries are influenced by low context culture. They are mainly in the future time orientation, highly planned and highly accurate. The view of age is opposite to that of high context culture, and time quantifiers are relatively accurate. Based on Hall's culture of high and low context, this paper analyzes the reasons for the difference in time orientation by exploring the causes of the cultural differences in context. The main purpose of this paper is to solve the cultural conflict caused by the difference of time orientation. This paper cites the statistical data of Hall and other linguists, Eastern Buddhism, Taoism, The profound influence of Confucianism and Western Christianity on contextual culture and time orientation, the influence of history, and combined with the common time quantifiers, views on age and "old", time orientation, and slang about time in China and the United States, Idioms and other aspects of the comparative analysis of time orientation, and put forward strategies to resolve the conflict.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H030

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