介词标记句式的羡余现象研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 17:56

本文选题：介词　切入点：标记　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：羡余现象是近几十年来语言学家研究的重要内容。羡余现象是语言动态发展过程中出现的合理现象，是语言的本质特征之一。它的产生是有一定理据的。目前，语言学界把对羡余现象的研究重点放在现象的分类、特征、产生原因、作用及词汇语义层面的羡余现象分析上，对现代汉语虚词作羡余成分的研究较少。论文主要从介词的语义和话题标记功能入手，对介词作句子标记时的羡余现象的构成机制和情景语义关系模式作大致的梳理。学者对句法语义层面的羡余现象研究主要集中在虚词的否定标记功能羡余问题和题元标记功能问题上，而论文主要选取在介词标记句式中，介词的语义标记功能的羡余问题。第一章宏观考察现代汉语羡余现象问题。早期的语言学家对羡余现象的研究偏重于研究它的性质、分类及成因，，而近期的学者更多的是研究羡余现象的结构、语义、语用特征和功能等，研究不断深入发展。第二章阐述与研究相关的理论前提和研究方法。根据语义语法学的观点，汉语虚词是能够显示特定的范畴义和关系义的一种语义标记。因而论文选择用标记理论来讨论介词语义标记功能的羡余问题。标记概念是20世纪30年代由布拉格学派音位学家特鲁别茨柯依创立，后经过雅各布逊、乔姆斯基和莱昂斯等语言学家的理论发展，至今成为一个比较完整的理论体系，适用于语言中的各个层面的分析。本章首先对标记理论的产生背景、主要思想、以及在语义学、语用学等现代语言学中的应用作一个简单的梳理。其次对标记理论对汉语本体研究和对外汉语教学中的理论指导作用进行了概括。第三章考察介词标记句式介词成为羡余成分的够句机制。论文主要从介词作为题元标记和话题标记功能羡余方面，分析了介词“被”、“把”、“在”、“自”、“打”、“像”、“连”、“以”等介词语义功能羡余时谓语动词和句法成分的语义特征。第四章考察句式的情景语义关系模式。在此章的第一部分简单介绍了情景理论。第二部分则主要以“被”、“给”、“在”、“以”、“连”为例分析句子的句法-语义映射模式，如“给”的句法-语义映射模式可以分为“被动式”、“处置式”等。第五章简要总结了介词做羡余成分时的修辞作用。从语法上说，介词羡余成分可以明确语法结构和协调语法结构；从语义上说，介词羡余成分可以加强另一个语素语义，凸显隐性语义；从语用上来说，介词羡余有丰富感情色彩，加强语气的修辞功用。
[Abstract]:Envy surplus phenomenon is an important part of linguists' research in recent decades. It is a reasonable phenomenon in the process of language dynamic development and one of the essential features of language. The linguists focus on the classification, characteristics, causes, functions and lexical semantic analysis of the phenomenon. There is little research on the envious component of function words in modern Chinese. This paper mainly starts with the semantic and topic marking functions of prepositions, and makes a general combing of the composing mechanism and the situational semantic relationship model of envious phenomena when prepositions are marked by sentences. Scholars' researches on envious phenomena in syntactic and semantic level mainly focus on the problem of envious function of negative markers and the function of meta-tagging of function words, while the thesis mainly focuses on the envious problems of semantic marker functions of prepositions in the sentence structure of prepositional markers. The first chapter studies the phenomenon of envy in modern Chinese macroscopically. The early linguists paid more attention to the nature, classification and causes of the phenomenon, while more recent scholars have studied the structure and semantics of the phenomenon. Pragmatic features and functions, and so on, continue to develop in depth. The second chapter describes the theoretical premise and research methods related to the research. Chinese function word is a kind of semantic marker which can display the specific category meaning and relational meaning. Therefore, the thesis chooses to discuss the envious problem of the function of preposition semantic marker with the theory of markers. The concept of marker was introduced from Prague in the 1930s. The school phonologist Trubetzkowi founded, After the development of the theories of Jakobson, Chomsky and Lyons, it has become a relatively complete theoretical system, which can be applied to the analysis of all levels of language. The main ideas and applications in modern linguistics, such as semantics and pragmatics, are briefly combed. Secondly, the guiding role of Markedness Theory in the study of Chinese ontology and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language is summarized. The third chapter examines the mechanism by which prepositional marker prepositions become envious components. The semantic features of predicate verbs and syntactic components in prepositions such as "be", "Ba", "Zai", "Zai", "Da", "Xiang", "Lian" and "Yi" are analyzed. The first part of this chapter briefly introduces the situation theory. The second part mainly uses "be", "give", "in", "take", "connect" as an example to analyze the syntax-semantic mapping pattern of sentences. For example, the syntactic and semantic mapping patterns of "giving" can be divided into "passive" and "disposition". Chapter five briefly summarizes the rhetorical function of prepositions as envious elements. The envious component of preposition can clarify the grammatical structure and coordinate the grammatical structure; semantically, it can strengthen another morpheme semantics and highlight the recessive semantics; pragmatically, the prepositional envious remainder has rich emotional color. The rhetorical function of a strong tone
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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