乌鲁木齐市哈萨克族家庭成员日常对话的序列及语言选择研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 05:10

本文选题：语言选择　切入点：语码转换　出处：《新疆师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言选择是社会语言学研究的热门领域之一，自上世纪六十年代以来，国内外学者从不同研究角度出发纷纷致力于语言选择的研究。本文借鉴多学科理论，，从多维视角出发对乌鲁木齐市哈萨克族城市居民日常生活对话的语言选择模式和语言选择模式的序列性进行了系统全面的分析，并在此基础上将年龄和性别这两个主要的社会变量对语言选择及其选择序列的影响进行了系统的探讨。本研究语料来自乌鲁木齐市3个不同类型的哈萨克族家庭，语料的主要内容为家庭聚会中的自然对话。研究结果共分为两部分：第一部分是对语言选择模式的研究。根据佟秋妹和李伟（2011）对语言选择模式的划分标准，本研究提出三种语言选择模式：哈萨克语模式，哈汉语码转换模式和汉语模式。研究结果表明哈萨克语模式仍是被选择的主要模式，但是哈汉语码转换和汉语模式的使用率呈现递增趋势。研究发现语言选择模式与年龄和性别有着密切联系。研究发现祖辈哈萨克语模式使用率最高，但父辈和子辈哈汉语码转换和汉语模式的使用率呈递增趋势。男性和女性家庭成员仍以使用哈萨克语为主，但女性哈汉语码转换模式和汉语模式的使用率略高于男性。第二部分是对语言选择模式序列性研究。序列划分的标准是以对话中不同话题的区分为标准，根据于善江（2006）的四轮语料为切分法选取每个话题的前四轮话语作为一个序列。经过对所搜集语料的研究，哈萨克城市居民的语言选择序列分为三种：序列一是以哈萨克语开始的语言选择序列，序列二是以哈汉语码转换开始的语言选择序列，序列三是以汉语开始的语言选择序列。在这三种语言选择序列中又存在着多种的变体。研究发现序列一及其变体被广泛应用于对话之中，序列二次之序列三的使用最少。从序列一到序列三，哈汉语码转换和汉语的使用呈递增趋势，研究还发现家庭成员对不同序列的选择与性别和年龄有着密切的联系。首先，三种序列在不同性别中的使用趋势基本相同，然而，女性对序列二和序列三的选择要略高于男性，这种现象的产生是由社会分工，社会地位和心里因素等不同原因所造成。其次，在年龄方面研究发现，祖辈，父辈和子辈仍以使用序列一为主，祖辈对父辈和子辈倾向使用序列一，说明祖辈的母语保持意识较强。但父辈与子辈和子辈之间的交流对序列二和序列三的使用呈现出递增的趋势，说明由于年龄不同以及所处的不同的社会接触网络，父辈与子辈和子辈之间的序列选择呈现复杂多样化的趋势。
[Abstract]:Language choice is one of the most popular fields in sociolinguistics. Since the 1960s, scholars at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the study of language choice from different perspectives. This paper systematically and comprehensively analyzes the language choice mode and language choice mode of daily life dialogue of Kazakh urban residents in Urumqi from a multidimensional perspective. On this basis, the influences of age and gender on language selection and selection sequence are systematically discussed. The corpus of this study comes from three different Kazakh families in Urumqi. The main content of the corpus is the natural dialogue in the family gathering. The results of the study are divided into two parts: the first part is the study of language choice model. According to the criteria of Tong Qiumei and Li Wei Xiong 2011), this study proposes three language choice models: Kazakh model. The results show that Kazakh mode is still the main mode chosen. However, the usage rate of Kazakh code conversion and Chinese pattern is increasing. The study found that language selection pattern is closely related to age and gender. However, the usage rate of Chinese code conversion and Chinese pattern of parents and children showed an increasing trend. Kazakh language was still used mainly by male and female family members, but the usage rate of female Kazakh code conversion mode and Chinese pattern was slightly higher than that of male. The second part is the sequential study of language selection patterns. The criterion of sequence division is the distinction of different topics in dialogue. The first four rounds of discourse of each topic are selected as a sequence according to the four rounds of corpus of Yu Shanjiang (2006). The language selection sequences of Kazakh urban residents can be divided into three categories: one is the language selection sequence that starts with Kazakh, and the other is the language selection sequence, which starts with Kazakh code conversion. Sequence 3 is a language selection sequence that starts with Chinese. There are many variants in these three language selection sequences. The study found that sequence one and its variants are widely used in dialogue. From sequence 1 to sequence 3, the code conversion of Kazakh Chinese and the use of Chinese are increasing. The study also found that family members' choice of different sequences is closely related to gender and age. The trend of using the three sequences in different genders is basically the same. However, the choice of sequence two and sequence three for women is slightly higher than that for men, which is the result of social division of labor. Social status and psychological factors are caused by different factors. Secondly, in terms of age, it is found that the ancestors, parents and children still use sequence one, and grandparents tend to use sequence one for their parents and children. But the communication between parents and children and children showed an increasing trend towards the use of sequence two and sequence three, indicating that due to different ages and different social contact networks, The sequence selection between parents, children and children shows a complex and diversified trend.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H236

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