维汉大学生拒绝言语策略对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 18:48

本文选题：言语行为　切入点：维汉大学生　出处：《新疆师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：言语行为研究是语用学研究中一块极其重要的方面。研究言语行为在一方面可以揭示人类语言的共性及差异性，在另一方面还能展示人类大脑思维的整体过程。拒绝言语行为作为一种威胁听话者积极和消极面子的言语行为，在语用学研究中占据特殊地位，在过去一直是语用学家们研究的热点。本研究以新疆师范大学维汉大学生为研究对象，以奥斯丁和赛尔的言语行为理论及布朗和莱文森的面子理论为理论框架，采用问卷调查法收集语料并加以分析。问卷的设计参照了国外学者所采用的“语篇补全测试”模式，并根据受试对象实际受测结果对问卷进行了修改。本研究选取新疆师范大学在校维吾尔族和汉族大学生各200人。问卷要求受试者根据日常生活中习惯使用的言语以及问卷不同情景下所涉及到的问题来写出维汉大学生各自母语的拒绝话语。作者根据问卷调查的统计结果就各策略的使用频率方面对维汉大学生拒绝策略进行了对比分析。在分析过程中，作者将对话者的社会地位等因素作为控制因素，分析新疆师范大学维汉大学生拒绝策略的相似和差异之处。研究结果表明维汉大学生在拒绝时存在相似点，这些相似点表现在以下两方面：（1）维汉大学生在拒绝策略的选择上都倾向于间接拒绝；（2）在间接拒绝策略的选择和使用上，维汉大学生都倾向于使用给出借口、理由和解释说明，表达歉意和表示感激的策略。以上相似点说明维汉大学生在实施拒绝言语行为的过程中，都试图减弱言后行为产生的效力并遵循礼貌原则以维护说话人和听话人双方积极和消极的面子。同时本研究发现维汉大学生在不同情境下使用拒绝策略存在个性差异，具体表现为维吾尔族大学生在拒绝过程中只在个别情景中使用了直接拒绝策略，而汉族大学生相比较而言在较多情景下采用了直接拒绝策略。维吾尔族大学生在使用直接拒绝策略时更为谨慎。新疆高校是维吾尔族、汉族和其他少数民族大学生学习生活和成长交流的沃土。在日常学习生活中，，各族大学生需加深对彼此言语行为习惯及言语所承载思想文化的了解，寻求共性，以达到共同学习进步的目的。维吾尔族和汉族大学生，作为新疆高校大学生的主体，应更熟悉和包容彼此之间的言语行为习惯，成为构建和谐稳定大学校园环境和社会环境的中坚力量。
[Abstract]:The study of speech acts is an extremely important aspect in pragmatics. On the one hand, the study of speech acts can reveal the commonness and difference of human language. On the other hand, it can also show the whole process of human brain thinking. As a speech act threatening the hearer's positive and negative face, refusal speech act occupies a special position in pragmatics research. This study focuses on Uighur and Han students of Xinjiang normal University, and takes Austen and Searle's speech act theory and Brown's and Levinson's face theory as the theoretical framework. The questionnaire is designed according to the model of "text complement Test" adopted by foreign scholars. The questionnaire was revised according to the actual test results of the subjects. In this study, 200 Uygur and Han students from Xinjiang normal University were selected. The questionnaire asked the subjects to use language according to their habits in daily life. According to the statistical results of the questionnaire, the author makes a study on the frequency of the strategies used by Uighur Chinese college students. In the process of analysis, Taking the social status of the interlocutor as the controlling factor, the author analyzes the similarities and differences of the rejection strategies of Uighur and Han students in Xinjiang normal University. The results show that Uyghur college students have similar points when they refuse. These similarities are shown in the following two aspects: 1) Uighur Chinese students tend to choose indirect rejection strategies in their choice of rejection strategies, and both tend to choose and use indirect rejection strategies. Uyghur college students tend to use strategies of giving excuses, reasons and explanations, expressions of apology and gratitude. Both try to weaken the effectiveness of postverbal behavior and follow the principle of politeness in order to maintain both positive and negative face of the speaker and the hearer. Meanwhile, the present study finds that there are personality differences in the use of rejection strategies in different situations among Uighur and Chinese students. The specific manifestation is that Uygur college students only use direct rejection strategy in individual situations in the process of rejection. Compared with the Han students, the students of the Han nationality adopted the direct rejection strategy in more situations, while the Uygur students were more cautious in using the direct rejection strategy. Xinjiang colleges and universities are fertile ground for Uygur, Han and other minority students to study, live and grow and communicate. In their daily study, college students of all nationalities need to deepen their understanding of each other's speech behavior habits and the ideology and culture carried by speech. Uygur and Han students, as the main body of university students in Xinjiang, should be more familiar with and tolerant of each other's speech behavior habits. Become the backbone of constructing harmonious and stable campus environment and social environment.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136

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