英汉语“腐败”概念隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 04:07

本文选题：概念隐喻　切入点：认知语言学　出处：《南京工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐喻现象历史悠久，早在两千多年前就被作为修辞格来研究，然而近三十年概念隐喻认知研究有了巨大的发展。概念隐喻研究被看成是认识世界的重要的思维方式。当今，腐败在中国乃至全世界都是一个热门的话题，但很少有关于腐败隐喻的研究。前人的研究多数关注的是对基本情感的隐喻，如生气，幸福以及爱情，对于腐败这个非情感概念隐喻研究少有涉及。腐败隐喻的研究可以例证并发展概念隐喻理论。本文的目的是探索腐败隐喻的隐喻主题并展现在不同文化背景下，身体、思维以及文化在腐败概念化过程中所起的作用。具体研究以下问题： 1）英汉语中腐败常规概念隐喻包含哪些隐喻主题？ 2）哪些是英汉语共有的，哪些是特有的？ 3）英汉腐败隐喻的文化动因是什么？本文从认知语言学的视角出发，搜集了大量从网络、报纸、杂志以及语料库中找到的中文540个关于腐败的隐喻和英文2181个关于腐败的隐喻，运用比较的方法研究了英汉语腐败隐喻表达的异同及原因。英汉语常规表述中有十四个隐喻主题，它们是：腐败是战争、腐败是令人厌恶的东西、腐败是一种扩张的现象、腐败是生物、腐败是物理力、腐败是疾病、腐败是自然力、腐败是危险的东西、腐败是工具、腐败是有空间方位的东西、腐败是有气味的东西、腐败是有吸引力的东西、腐败是旅程和腐败是吃。在这些隐喻主题中相同的腐败隐喻有“战争”、“令人厌恶的东西”、“扩大的现象”、“生物”、“物理力”、“疾病”、“自然力”、“危险的事物”和“工具”这些隐喻。以上英汉相似的腐败概念隐喻告诉我们英汉腐败隐喻源于同样的身体和生活体验，具有共同的心理、生理基础。然而不同点也是存在的。英语中有“空间位移的事物”、“有气味的东西”和“有吸引力的事物”，而汉语则是“旅途”和“吃”这样的概念隐喻。这一结果反映了腐败概念隐喻受各个国家和地区的文化影响尤其是宗教的影响，，还有不同的历史背景的原因。通过研究发现个人观、集体观、人性观和历史背景是中西方关于腐败存在不同概念隐喻的文化动因。本文对英汉腐败隐喻实例的研究借助语料库的手段进一步证实了当代隐喻理论，即Lakoff和Johnson提出的隐喻普遍存在于生活之中，它对人们理解抽象事物和客观世界都起着重要作用。同时此研究也在一定程度上对语言的对比研究、翻译研究以及词汇、修辞教学有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Metaphor has a long history and has been used as a rhetorical study for more than two thousand years. However, the cognitive research of conceptual metaphor has made great progress in the past 30 years. Conceptual metaphor is regarded as an important way of thinking to understand the world. Nowadays, corruption is a hot topic in China and all over the world, but there is little research on corruption metaphor. Most of the previous studies focus on metaphors of basic emotions, such as anger, happiness and love. The study of corruption is rarely involved in the study of non-emotional conceptual metaphor. The study of corruption metaphor can exemplify and develop the theory of conceptual metaphor. The purpose of this paper is to explore the metaphorical theme of corruption metaphor and to reveal its body in different cultural backgrounds. The role of thinking and culture in the conceptualization of corruption. 1) what are the metaphorical themes of corruption conventional conceptual metaphors in English and Chinese? 2) which are common in English and Chinese, which are unique? 3) what are the cultural motivations of corruption metaphors in English and Chinese? From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper collects 540 Chinese metaphors on corruption and 2181 metaphors on corruption in English, which are found in the Internet, newspapers, magazines and corpus. This paper studies the similarities and differences of the metaphorical expression of corruption in English and Chinese and the reasons for it. There are fourteen metaphorical themes in Chinese and English. They are: corruption is war, corruption is abominable, corruption is an expanding phenomenon. Corruption is a living thing, corruption is a physical force, corruption is a disease, corruption is a natural force, corruption is a dangerous thing, corruption is a tool, corruption is something with space, corruption is something that smells, and corruption is an attractive thing. Corruption is a journey and corruption is eating. The same metaphors of corruption in these metaphorical themes are "war", "obnoxious", "expanding phenomenon", "biology", "physical force", "disease", "natural force", "dangerous thing" and "tool" These metaphors, similar to those in English and Chinese, tell us that corruption metaphors in English and Chinese come from the same body and life experience. With a common mind, However, differences also exist. In English there are "things with spatial shifts", "things that smell" and "things that are attractive", while Chinese is a conceptual metaphor for "journey" and "eating". Reflecting the fact that conceptual metaphors for corruption are influenced by the cultures of various countries and regions, in particular religion, It is found that individual view, collective view, human nature view and historical background are the cultural reasons for the existence of different conceptual metaphors on corruption in China and the West. The present study of corruption metaphors in English and Chinese has further confirmed the contemporary metaphorical theory, that is, metaphors proposed by Lakoff and Johnson, are widely used in daily life by means of corpus. It plays an important role in people's understanding of abstract things and objective world, and to a certain extent, this study also plays an important role in the contrastive study of language, translation studies, vocabulary and rhetoric teaching.
【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15;H315

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