广西平南（官成）话语音研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 20:36

本文选题：粤方言　切入点：官成话　出处：《中央民族大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：桂东南是当初操粤方言人自广东入桂时最先到达的地方,也是现在广西粤方言相对集中的地方。这个地区的方言研究,对研究壮汉接触、方言演化都具有重要意义。本论文在田野调查的基础上,详细地描写了处在桂东南多方言区的平南官成话的语音系统,对系统的各组成成分作了分析说明,力求全面地展现官成话的语音面貌。通过与广州话和中古音系的对比,梳理出官成话的语音特点和演变规律。文章把对官成话语音特点及规律的探索纳入到整个桂东南语言的研究范畴当中,重点探讨了五个专题,对音变的原因、音变的方式、音变的类型和音变的过程都提出了一些初步的看法。通过这些研究,不光是要让人们认识和了解官成话的特点和规律,更重要的是透过官成话这一个点,得以眺望整个桂东南多语接触的现实和趋势,为更大范围的语言研究提供依据。全文由绪论、八章正文和两个附录组成。绪论部分,首先介绍了本文的研究对象、选题缘由、研究目的、研究意义和价值、研究的思路、研究的理论和方法,然后综述文献,接着介绍方言点的情况,最后介绍材料来源和编写体例。第一章,语音系统,用传统的描写语言学的方法详细地描写了官成话的音系以及声韵调的配合关系。在声调的描写上,使用了实验语音学的方法。通过这些描写,基本探明了这个系统中各组成成分间的关系。第二章,与广州话音系的比较,文章在共时的平而上,拿官成话的音韵系统与粤方言的标准语广州话的音系作比较,从中梳理出官成话的语音特点。官成话除了保存粤方言的一些基本特征外,还在发展中形成了自己的地方特色。第三章,与中古音系的比较,文章从历时的角度,拿官成话的音系和以《广韵》为代表的中古音系作比较,爬梳官成话的历史演变规律,为后面的论述提供证据。第四章,古全浊入的送气分调,论文从古浊入在粤方言中清化后的送气和分化情况谈起,以此说明阳入送气分调在粤方言中的特殊性。在对周边语言中阳入的送气或分调情况进行考察后,认为官成话阳入的送气分调特征不一定来自语言接触。最后,从语音自身演化的角度,通过分析官成话阳入音节的发声态,获取阳入送气分调的线索：上阳入音节是一种弛化的音节,容易演变为送气音,而下阳入音节由于元音及韵尾的特征,容易演变为普通的嗓音。第五章,“儿”尾小称,文章详细地描写了作为小称词尾的“儿”在官成话的四类音变形式,认为词尾“儿”从ni演变为三种鼻声化韵m、n、n的现象,是由于音节内部或音节之间元辅音的协同发音所致。论文还对官成话“儿”尾小称的各种功能进行了详细的描述。第六章,精组的特点,论文先讨论了边擦音1在古精组扩散的情况,在与周边的汉语方言、壮语进行比较后,认为边擦音1在精组的扩散并非壮语的影响,而是周边闽、客方言影响的结果。论文还讨论了止摄开口精组字韵母u的来源,通过与周边方言的比较,认为官成话止开三精组字韵母读u的现象可能是闽方言影响的结果。但不否认这种现象也有来自壮侗语底层的可能。第七章,连读变调,文章详细地描写了官成话两字组连读变调的各种模式,总结出连读变调的特点和规律：阴调类变阴调类,阳调类变新的调类；前字变调,后字不变；变调后的调值比原调值低；中平或低降调不变调。文章认为这种变调产生的原因是由于语言本身“前轻后重”的节律特点引起的。第八章,结语,对前七章的研究作了总结并提出了需进一步研究的问题。
[Abstract]:It is southeast of Guangxi Guangdong dialect from Guangdong operating in Guangxi first place, Guangxi is now the relative concentration of the local Cantonese dialect. The dialect research in this area, contact of man, is of great significance to the dialect evolution. On the basis of field investigation, detailed description of the phonetic system in Guangxi the Southeast dialect Pingnan Guan Cheng words, each component of the system are analyzed, and strive to fully show the word officer pronunciation. By comparing with the Guangzhou dialect and ancient Chinese phonetic system, sort out the phonetic characteristics and evolution of the word. The officer then explore the characteristics and rules of speech the officer into into the research category of the southeastern Guangxi language, this paper focuses on five topics, reasons for the change, change the way, and change the change process types are put forward some preliminary views through this. Some research, not only to help people understand the characteristic and regularity of the solution of Guancheng words, but also through the official word for this one point, to the reality and trend at the southeast of Guangxi multilingual contact, provide the basis for the study of language more broadly.
The full text of the introduction, eight chapters and two appendices. The introduction part, firstly introduces the research object, the topics of reason, research purpose, research significance and value of research ideas, theories and methods of research, and literature review, and then introduces the dialect situation, finally introduces the material sources and the style of writing.
The first chapter, the phonetic system, using traditional method of descriptive linguistics, phonology and the word with a detailed description of the phonology. In the tone of the description, using the method of experimental phonetics. Through these descriptions, the composition basically proved between components of the system.
The second chapter, compared with the Guangzhou dialect, the article in the synchronic plane, compared with the standard language phonological system into words and Guangdong dialect, Guangzhou dialect phonology, sort out the phonetic features into words. Guan Guan Cheng then in addition to some basic features of preserved Guangdong dialects, also formed its own local characteristics in the development.
The third chapter, compared with the ancient Chinese phonetic system, from the diachronic perspective, with word phonology and official in "as the representative of the ancient rhyme > system for comparison, historical evolution rules through official word, provide evidence for the following discussion.
The fourth chapter, the ancient voiced aspirated into the tones, the ancient voiced devoicing in Guangdong dialect of aspiration and differentiation about, in order to show the special points in the air into the Yang Guangdong dialect. In the study of the surrounding air into the language of Zhongyang or adjust the situation, that officer into the air if the transfer feature is not divided into Yang from language contact. Finally, the evolution of speech from own angle, through the analysis of official word phonation and IVB syllables, get into the Yang tones clues: Yang aspirated into the syllable is a relaxation of the syllable, easily become aspirated, and IVB due to the characteristics of vowel and consonant syllables, easily evolve into ordinary voice.
The fifth chapter, "" small tail, the article describes in detail as the four kind of sandhi form suffix "Er" said in the official word, that the suffix "Er" from the Ni into three kinds of nasal rhyme m, N, N, is due to the sound caused by internal coordination or a syllable vowel and consonant. The paper also gives a detailed description of the officer into various functional words "Er" small tail call.
The sixth chapter, characteristics of fine group, first discussed the fricative 1 in ancient Jing group spread, in the Chinese dialect and the surrounding, Zhuang comparison, that influence fricative 1 in sperm group diffusion is not Zhuang, but the surrounding Fujian Hakka dialect influence result. The paper also discussed check the source opening fine vowels group photo u, by contrast with the surrounding dialects, that officer word open reading u vowels group Sanjing Fujian dialect phenomenon may be the influence result. But do not deny this phenomenon but also from the bottom of the Zhuang Dong.
The seventh chapter, the tone sandhi, the article describes in detail the various patterns of words, disyllabic tone sandhi, summed up the characteristics and rules of tone sandhi: Yin Yin Yang change tone tone, tone changes new tones; before the word after word tone, tone unchanged; value than the original value of low medium or low; not falling tone. We think that this tone is generated due to the language itself "light weight" rhythm caused.
The eighth chapter, the conclusion of the first seven chapters are summarized and put forward the problems need to be studied further.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

【参考文献】