汉语中古章组声母与藏语c组声母来源比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 00:27

本文选题：藏语c组声母　切入点：章组声母　出处：《南开大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：从藏汉对音和梵汉对音材料看， c ch j ń ([ ][ h][ ][ ]，以下简称为c组)这组音与汉字的对应都显得有些杂乱。与c组相关的汉藏语同源词的对应也并不整齐，几乎遍及知组、章组、精组、端组还有见组字。要理清上述复杂现象，必须解决藏语c组声母的音值和来源问题。本文主要搜集与藏语c组声母相关的同族词、汉藏语同源词、藏缅语材料，还有《广韵》又音，以及与汉语中古章组相关的谐声字材料，将藏语c组声母与汉语中古章组声母来源研究成果进行比较，一方面探讨藏语c组声母的音值和来源，另一方面检讨目前研究在方法、材料、结论等方面还有哪些发展空间。我们所搜集的材料显示，藏语c组声母的音值为舌面塞擦音，而非舌尖塞擦音或卷舌音。其来源是多方面的，包括舌尖音的腭化、舌根音的腭化，而至于这组声母是否有腭化双唇音和腭化舌尖塞擦音来源，还需要进一步研究解决。另外，藏语复辅音Ky形式可能来自于Kr的演变。从词族材料看，，Kr的语音演变有两条路径：其一是Kr-Ky-c-，其二是KrT。我们搜集了一些汉藏语同源词材料证明上述两种演变途径存在的可能。通过汉语中古章组声母和藏语c组声母来源研究的比较，我们发现，本文所关注的两组声母声母的来源，有共通之处，即都来源于腭化作用，除了以往研究都有所涉及的腭化舌尖音来源以外，我们还补充了腭化舌根音来源的一些同族词、汉藏语同源词，以及相关藏缅语材料依据。同时，我们也发现不论是章组声母还是藏语c组声母，在研究材料上还有待于进一步补充，特别是藏语方面的材料，如果能加入更多类似于汉语通假字、异体字方面的材料加以论证，就更能说明问题了。在研究方法上还需要有所突破，单一地使用历史比较或内部构拟的方法已经不能满足研究需求，从宏观的角度综合多种方法，整合各种方法的优点，结论会更有说服力。
[Abstract]:The correspondence between the Chinese characters and the Chinese characters in the group c [h] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [[] [h] [], hereinafter referred to as "group c") appears to be somewhat chaotic, and the correspondence of the Chinese and Tibetan homologues related to group c is also not neat, almost all over the known groups. In order to clear up the above complex phenomenon, we must solve the problem of the initial sound value and the origin of the group c in Tibetan. This paper mainly collects the congener words related to group C of Tibetan, the homologue of Chinese and Tibetan, the material of Tibetan and Burmese, and the materials of "Guangyun > Huo", as well as the materials of harmonics related to the group of Chinese ancient chapters. By comparing the research results of group C initial consonants in Tibetan language with those in ancient Chinese, on the one hand, this paper discusses the phonetic values and sources of group c consonants in Tibetan language, on the other hand, reviews the development of the current research in terms of methods, materials, conclusions, and so on. The data we have collected show that the initial tone values of group C in Tibetan language are the tongue-face erasure, not the tip of the tongue, or the curly tone. The sources include the palatation of the tip of the tongue, the palatation of the root of the tongue, and the palatation of the root tone of the tongue. As to whether this group of consonants have palatated lips and palatine tongue stopper, they need to be further studied and solved. The Ky form of the complex consonant in Tibetan language may come from the evolution of Kr. There are two paths to the evolution of Kr from lexical materials: Kr-Ky-c-and KrT.We have collected some Chinese and Tibetan homologues to prove the possibility of these two ways of evolution. By comparing the origin of the group consonants in ancient Chinese and group C in Tibetan, we find that the two groups of consonants concerned in this paper have something in common, that is, they all come from palatation. In addition to the palatated tongue tip sound source that has been studied in the past, we also add some of the same family words of palatated tongue root sound source, Chinese and Tibetan homologues, as well as the relevant Tibetan and Burmese language materials. At the same time, We also find that no matter whether it is a group consonant or a group c consonant in Tibetan, the research materials need to be further supplemented, especially in the Tibetan language. If we can add more materials similar to those in Chinese and other characters, we can prove them. It is more illustrative. There is still a need for a breakthrough in research methods. The single use of historical comparisons or methods of internal construction can no longer meet the needs of research. From a macro perspective, we can integrate the advantages of various methods and methods. The conclusion will be more persuasive.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H113;H214

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