汉语医患会话中同一话轮内自我修正的语用学研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 10:15

本文选题：同一话轮内自我修正　切入点：发起手段　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前在我国,医患关系日趋紧张,医患纠纷也时有发生。大量研究表明,良好的医患沟通是改善医患关系的关键。国内对于医患交际的研究主要集中在社会学、医学、心理学等领域,语言学领域对医患交际的研究起步较晚,且选题宽泛,研究方法各异。鉴于此,本文结合以往研究,力图运用定量分析与定性描述相结合的研究方法,探究汉语医患交际中同一话轮内自我修正的发起手段与修正策略,同时运用顺应论阐释医生和患者在使用这些手段和策略上的异同。本文参照国内外学者的研究方法,在分析汉语医患交际语料的基础上,得出以下几点主要结论。首先,在同一话轮内自我修正的发起手段中,医患双方采用了拖长音节、突然中断、使用搜索标记、重复、暂停、以及无明显引导词等六种手段,在同一话轮内自我修正的修正策略上,医患双方采用了替换、插入、删减、搜索、中止、重述以及形式视角变换等七种策略,这与前人的研究结果是类似的。其次,与前人的研究不同,作者将替换进行了更深层次的挖掘,将其分为恰切替换及错误替换。恰切替换又可以再分为同义替换、同指替换、程度替换和上下义替换,错误替换又可分为语音错误替换和词汇(形容词、名词、数量词、动词和代词)错误替换。这种更深层次的细致划分将前人的研究向前推进了一步,属于作者的创新。最后,本文还以语言顺应论为理论依据,阐释了医患双方在使用发起手段及修正策略上的异同。本文认为,不同发起手段和修正策略的使用都是顺应医患交际语境的结果。在大多数情况下,医患双方在使用发起手段及修正策略上的异同,既是对当前医患交际总目的的顺应,又是对存在的医患权势不平等的顺应；而有些时候,医患双方则是顺应了他们自己内心的动机。本文的研究具有重大的理论及实践意义。首先,本文研究了在医院环境下发生的自然会话,其研究成果可加深人们对自然会话及机构会话的认识与理解；其次,本文从微观角度对自我修正进行的深层分类与分析,可加深人们对自我修正的认知；第三,本文中深层的语用阐释对认识当前医患交际状况及改善医患关系有深刻启示。
[Abstract]:At present, the doctor-patient relationship is becoming increasingly tense in China, and doctor-patient disputes occur from time to time. A large number of studies show that good doctor-patient communication is the key to improving the doctor-patient relationship. Domestic research on doctor-patient communication is mainly focused on sociology and medicine. In the field of psychology, the research on doctor-patient communication in the field of linguistics started late, and the topic is broad and the research methods are different. In view of this, this paper, combining with previous studies, tries to use the research method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative description. This paper explores the initiation and revision strategies of self-correction in the same language in doctor-patient communication, and uses adaptation theory to explain the similarities and differences between doctors and patients in the use of these methods and strategies. Based on the analysis of the Chinese doctor-patient communication data, this paper draws the following main conclusions according to the research methods of domestic and foreign scholars. Firstly, in the process of initiating self-correction in the same speech, both doctors and patients adopt the long-drawn-out syllable. Sudden interruption, use of search marks, repetition, suspension, and no obvious lead words, etc., in the correction strategy of self-correction in the same round, both doctors and patients adopt replacement, insert, delete, search, stop, etc. There are seven strategies, such as restatement and change of formal perspective, which are similar to the results of previous studies. Secondly, different from the previous studies, the author excavates the substitution in a deeper level. Proper substitution can be divided into synonymy substitution, synonymous substitution, degree substitution and up-and-down substitution, and error substitution can be divided into phonetic error substitution and lexical substitution (adjective, noun, quantifier, etc.). This deeper and meticulous division of verbs and pronouns is a step forward in previous studies and belongs to the author's innovation. Finally, this thesis is based on the theory of linguistic adaptation. This paper explains the similarities and differences in the use of initiation and correction strategies between doctors and patients. This paper argues that the use of different initiation and revision strategies is the result of adaptation to the context of doctor-patient communication. In most cases, The similarities and differences between doctors and patients in the use of initiating means and correcting strategies are not only the adaptation to the general purpose of the current doctor-patient communication, but also the adaptation to the existing doctor-patient power inequality. Doctors and patients, on the other hand, conform to their own inner motives. The research of this paper is of great theoretical and practical significance. Firstly, this paper studies natural conversation in hospital environment, and its research results can deepen people's understanding of natural conversation and institutional conversation. The deep classification and analysis of self-correction from a micro perspective can deepen people's cognition of self-correction. Thirdly, the deep pragmatic interpretation in this paper has profound implications for the understanding of the current doctor-patient communication situation and the improvement of doctor-patient relationship.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】