春秋时期汉字新造字的测查分析

发布时间：2018-03-27 14:11

本文选题：春秋时期　切入点：汉字　出处：《古籍整理研究学刊》2011年04期

【摘要】：在目前所见出土古文字材料中,共清理出春秋时期新造汉字593个。春秋时期新字创制比较活跃,但新造字在字种总量中的比例较西周时有所下降,反映出汉字系统逐步完善与稳定的历史趋势。新造字中表意类结构占3.86%,形声类结构占95.31%,表意类构形功能进一步下降,形声类构形功能继续增强,表明汉字构形方式系统进一步调整与优化。参与新造字构形的表意构件有110个,其中101个沿承自西周,104个为《说文》小篆系统所常见,且部分构件意义已比较泛化、类聚性较强,表明汉字表意构件系统已经比较稳定和成熟;同时部分构件的功能状态还呈现出明显的时代特点。传入《说文》小篆的春秋新造字有268个,主要为普通词语用字和一些重要的专名用字。
[Abstract]:In all, 593 newly constructed Chinese characters were cleared out in the materials of ancient characters found at present. In the Spring and Autumn period, the creation of new characters was more active, but the proportion of new characters in the total number of characters was lower than that in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It reflects the historical trend of gradual perfection and stability of the Chinese character system. In the new Chinese character making, the ideographic structure is 3.86%, the shape and sound class structure is 95.31, the ideographic type configuration function is further decreased, and the shape sound type configuration function continues to strengthen. It shows that the Chinese character configuration system is further adjusted and optimized. There are 110 ideographic components involved in the new formation, of which 101 are from the Western Zhou Dynasty, and 104 are common in the "Shuo Wen > Xiao Zhuan system", and some of the components have more extensive meanings. The strong clustering shows that the Chinese ideographic component system has been relatively stable and mature, and the functional state of some components also shows obvious characteristics of the times. There are 268 new characters in the Spring and Autumn period, which were introduced to Xiao Zhuan. The main words are common words and some important proper names.
【作者单位】：贵州师范大学文学院;贵州大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“汉字理论与汉字发展史研究”(立项号05AYY002,安徽大学黄德宽教授主持)系列成果之一
【分类号】：H122

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