留学生“把”字句习得情况与回避情况的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 05:30

本文选题：“把”字句　切入点：习得情况　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“把”字句是汉语语法中较为特殊的一种句式,在对外汉语教学中也是难以教学的句式之一。我们在前贤研究的基础上,基于现行教材总结出“把”字句的八种句式——句式一：主语+把+宾语+动词+结果补语(了)；句式二：名1+把+名2+动+给/在/到+名3+方位词；句式三：把+宾语+动词+(一/了)+动词；句式四：把+宾语1+动+成/作+宾语2；句式五：主语+把+宾语+动词+了/着；句式六：主语+把+宾语+动词+情态补语；句式七：“把”字句和兼语句的套用：句式八：“把”字句和连动句的套用。基于这八种句式,分别对留学生“把”字句的习得情况与使用“把”字句的回避情况进行了调查。我们从北京语言大学《HSK动态作文语料库》中检索出“把”字句用例,通过统计分析得出“把”字句八种句式的使用频率、正确率、错误率和正确使用相对频率。综合考虑正确率和使用频率,我们得出“把”字句八种句式的习得顺序,由好到坏依次为：句式二句式一句式四句式六句式五句式八句式七句式三。为了考察留学生“把”字句的回避情况,我们设计了三份调查问卷,分别调查了留学生“把”字句的使用习惯、“把”字句掌握情况以及中国学生“把”字句使用习惯。通过比较留学生与中国学生的“把”字句使用习惯调查结果,结合留学生“把”字句使用习惯调查与掌握情况调查,根据已经掌握但是在交际时却不使用即为回避这一标准,我们得到留学生对八种句式的回避情况,按照回避程度由低到高为：句式三句式一句式六句式二句式八句式七句式五句式四。通过比较以上两种顺序,我们认为：留学生“把”字句的回避情况与习得情况并无明显相关性,留学生对“把”字句的习得只是影响回避现象的其中一个因素；留学生在习得程度不好的句式上有时并不存在回避的现象,在习得程度好的句式上有时反而存在更为严重的回避；各个句式回避情况与习得情况之间的关系也不相同。根据以上研究结论,结合调查过程中了解的情况,我们分析了影响学生产生回避现象的原因,并据此对教材编写和课堂教学提出了相应的建议。本研究的价值在于调查分析了留学生“把”字句的回避与习得情况之间是否存在必然的联系。我们认为习得情况并不是导致留学生“把”字句回避的决定因素,二者之间无绝对的一致性和相关性。
[Abstract]:"Ba" sentence is one of the more special sentence patterns in Chinese grammar, and it is also one of the difficult sentence patterns in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the current teaching materials, this paper summarizes eight kinds of sentence patterns of "Ba" sentence one: subject results complement of object verb (sentence form 2: noun 1, noun 2 move to / to noun 3 azimuth word; Sentence pattern 3: verb of object (one / la); sentence pattern 4: make object 1 / object 2; sentence pattern 5: subject verb verb / stroke; sentence pattern 6: subject puts object verb modal complement; Sentence pattern 7: the application of "Ba" words and sentences: sentence pattern eight: "Ba" sentences and linked sentences. Based on these eight sentence patterns, This paper investigates the acquisition of "Ba" sentences and the avoidance of using "Ba" sentences by foreign students respectively. We retrieve the use cases of "Ba" sentences from the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and Technology University. Through statistical analysis, we get the usage frequency, correct rate, error rate and relative frequency of "Ba" sentence. Considering the correct rate and use frequency, we obtain the acquisition order of eight sentence patterns of "Ba" sentence. The order from good to bad is as follows: two sentences, one sentence, four sentences, six sentences, five sentences, eight sentences, seven sentences, three sentences. In order to investigate the avoidance of "Ba" sentences of foreign students, we designed three questionnaires. This paper investigates the usage habits of "Ba" sentences, the mastery of "Ba" words and the usage habits of Chinese students'"Ba" sentences respectively. By comparing the results of the survey on the usage habits of "Ba" words between foreign students and Chinese students, Based on the survey of the students' habit of using the word "Ba" and the investigation of their mastery, and according to the criterion that they have mastered but not used in communication, we have obtained the avoidance of the eight sentence patterns of the foreign students. According to the degree of avoidance from low to high: three sentences, one sentence, six sentences, two sentences, eight sentences, seven sentences, five sentences, four sentences. We think that there is no obvious correlation between the avoidance of "Ba" sentence and the acquisition of "Ba" sentence, and that the acquisition of "Ba" sentence by foreign students is only one of the factors affecting the phenomenon of avoidance; Foreign students sometimes do not have the phenomenon of avoidance in the sentence patterns with poor acquisition degree, and sometimes there is more serious avoidance in the sentence patterns with good acquisition level, and the relationship between each sentence pattern avoidance situation and the acquisition situation is also different. According to the above research conclusions, combined with the investigation process, we analyze the reasons that affect the students' avoidance phenomenon. The value of this study lies in the investigation and analysis of whether there is an inevitable relationship between the avoidance of "Ba" words and the acquisition of foreign students. The situation is not the decisive factor that causes the foreign students to avoid the word "Ba". There is no absolute consistency and correlation between the two.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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