《现汉》（第5版）形容词的释义语言中元语言词汇使用规则研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 09:31

本文选题：《现代汉语词典》　切入点：形容词　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以《现代汉语词典（第5版）》（下文简称《现汉》）为语料来源，选取《现汉》形容词的释义语言作为研究对象，从意义角度对《现汉》中形容词的释义元语言词汇的使用情况进行了研究，目的是归纳出《现汉》形容词释义中的元语言词汇使用规则，揭示辞书元语言词汇使用的基本原则。全文共分五部分。首先是绪论。介绍学界对《现汉》元语言词汇的研究成果，说明本论文的写作目的及意义，简单介绍了本文的研究内容和研究思路。第一章，同义组的判断标准和划分结果。提出了本文对于同义组（同义语义场）的判定标准。参考《同义词词林》和《词网》确定同义组的标准和程序，结合词汇学和词典学研究实践，确定同义的标准为义项相同。即只有形容词之间有意义相同相近的义项，才能归为一个同义组。说明同义组划分的基本情况，并对其释义元语言词汇特别是核心词汇的选择情况进行了描写和归纳。按照既定的标准，本文将属于典型形容词的“外形”、“颜色味道”、“性质”、“德才”和“境况”五大类形容词共4313个义项归纳为337个同义组。第二章，同义组内释义元语言词汇使用的基本规则。对同义组内的形容词释义元语言词汇特别是释义的核心词汇的使用情况进行了详尽的统计分析和调查描写。并基于上述统计分析阐明系统性原则、避免循环释义原则和经济性这些辞书元语言构造和使用的基本原则在元语言词汇运用中的具体体现：除非有其他因素的介入，《现汉》倾向于使每个同义组所用的释义元语言的核心词汇基本一致，往往取自一个同义组，个别情况下一个同义组的被释词其释义语言的核心词汇取自多个同义组，这种情况都有一定动因，且有一定规律；避免在释义语言之中出现被释词；用尽量少的词汇来构成释义语言，为了经济性原因可以违背系统性原则和避免循环释义的原则。第三章，元语言词汇使用的变通性条件。说明形容词释义元语言词汇使用的诸变通性原则，主要包括便于释义原则、便于理解和记忆原则和自然性原则，即由于这些原因可以违背系统性原则和经济性原则来选择释义元语言词汇。第四章，结语。对本文的研究内容和研究成果进行总结。
[Abstract]:Taking the Modern Chinese Dictionary (5th Edition) (hereinafter referred to as "Xianhan") as the source of the corpus, this paper selects the interpretive language of the adjective "Xianhan" as the object of study. This paper makes a study on the use of adjectives' interpretive metalanguage words from the point of view of meaning, in order to generalize the rules for the use of meta language words in the adjective interpretation. This paper reveals the basic principles of the use of lexical metalanguage. The full text is divided into five parts. The first part is introduction. It introduces the research results of metallinguistic vocabulary, explains the purpose and significance of this thesis, and briefly introduces the research contents and research ideas of this thesis. In chapter 1, the judgment criteria and results of synonyms are presented. The criteria for determining synonyms (synonym fields) are presented. The criteria and procedures of synonyms are determined with reference to < synonym forest > and < word net >. Combining the practice of lexicology and lexicography, it is determined that the standard of synonymy is the same meaning. That is, only if there are similar meanings between adjectives, can they be classified into a synonym group. It also describes and sums up the choice of meta vocabulary, especially the core vocabulary, according to the established standards, In this paper, a total of 4313 adjectives belonging to the typical adjectives of "appearance", "color taste", "nature", "virtue and ability" and "situation" are grouped into 337 synonyms. Chapter II, The basic rules for the use of lexicon in synonymous group are given. The use of adjective interpretation metalanguage in synonymous group, especially the core words of interpretation, is analyzed and investigated in detail. Stating the systematic principle of statistical analysis, The principle of avoiding cyclic interpretation and economy the basic principles of the construction and use of lexical meta-language are embodied in the use of metalanguage vocabulary: unless other factors are involved, the "present Chinese" tends to make each synonym use. The core vocabulary of the meta-language is basically the same. It is often taken from a synonym group, and in some cases, the core words of the interpreted language of a synonym group are taken from several synonyms, all of which have some motivation and regularity, and avoid the appearance of interpreted words in the interpretive language. The use of as few words as possible to form a interpretive language, for economic reasons, can violate the principle of systematization and avoid the principle of circular interpretation. The third chapter, the flexible conditions of the use of meta-language vocabulary. It explains the principles of flexibility in the use of adjective interpretive meta-language vocabulary, mainly including the principle of convenience of interpretation, the principle of understanding and memory and the principle of naturalness. Because of these reasons, it can violate the principle of systematization and economy to choose the lexicon of semantic meta-language. Chapter four, conclusion. Summarize the research content and research results of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H164

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