从巴西食人主义看严复译作《群学肄言》

发布时间：2018-03-30 00:09

本文选题：食人主义翻译　切入点：群学肄言　出处：《合肥工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：严复是近代中国著名的翻译家，翻译理论家和启蒙思想家，被誉为“近世介绍西学的第一人”（胡适）。以往学者对严复的翻译研究主要集中于对“信达雅”的讨论和《天演论》的译本比较。除了“信达雅”翻译标准之外，其他关于严复翻译实践的问题，比如文化观和社会时代背景对其翻译的影响，相关研究甚少。《群学肄言》是严复最为著名的八大译作之一，但对其中严复翻译思想和翻译特色的研究也非常少，目前绝大部分的研究成果也是从历史学或文化思想史的角度入手。因此，从翻译研究角度，深入分析《群学肄言》译本，比较源语文本和目的语文本，探究严复操纵和改写源语文本原因，为揭示和构建严复的其他翻译思想提供了新的可能。本文作者受到巴西食人主义理论启发，试图立足于中国殖民时期文化语境来解读并阐释《群学肄言》的翻译实践。通过分析严复的翻译文化观、历史社会背景以及对源语文本的操纵改写，力图证明严复翻译暗合食人主义翻译。本文主要解决三个问题，即严复食人式翻译的原因和特色，并比较严复食人式翻译和巴西食人主义翻译的区别。作者首先介绍了巴西食人主义翻译来源和传统，总结了食人主义翻译策略和操作方式。食人主义翻译采用了“吞食”和“汲取营养”的比喻，解放译文，拒绝西方世界的文化殖民，主张凸显第三世界国家的身份和文化传统。其次，，作者分析了严复翻译暗合食人主义翻译的原因。严复中西结合的翻译文化观使得他较容易接受西方的先进科学思想，而其翻译观中的功利主义因素则使得译作带有鲜明的实用性特点，即要能够满足目的语语境的文化需求。此外，由于当时的中国处于半封建半殖民地时期，所以严复的翻译是西方先进文化知识和中国传统思想结合的产物。再次，作者以《群学肄言》为例，分析了其中的食人式翻译特色。在译者定位方面，严复在源语文本的选择和翻译规范上都是食人式的，即选择强势文化文本和摒弃绝对的忠实标准。严复的达旨术和“反叛”式翻译具有“吞食”原文和“输血”的食人式特点。在翻译策略方面，严复和食人主义翻译均采用了归化策略。严复在《群学肄言》中采用加减、改、案、中西对比等策略，对原作形式和社会学思想内容都进行了创造性的、食人式的调整。最后，通过对比研究分析，作者发现严复食人式翻译与巴西食人主义翻译区别是在于对原文改写的偏激度和动机不同。一方面，巴西翻译学者们推崇的译本是全新的杂合文本，“抹杀”原文，强调多元化，故译本偏离源语文本程度较大，而《群学肄言》在整体上仍然非常忠实原文。另一方面，巴西食人主义翻译的立足点是塑造其自身文化身份，而严复译作是通过翻译介绍西方科学思想来达到“救亡图存”的目标。本文在一定程度上拓展了对《群学肄言》的研究和理解，同时也为巴西食人翻译理论提供在近代中国语境下的例证，对中国近代社会学传播研究也有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Yan Fu is a famous translator in modern China, translation theorists and thinkers, known as "the first person to introduce modern western" (Hu Shi). Previous studies on Yan Fu's translation mainly focus on the "XinDa Ya" < > tianyanlun discussed and compared. In addition to the XinDa and translation standards on Yan Fu's translation practice problems, such as the impact of cultural and social background of the translation, related researches are rare. The study of sociology "is one of Yan Fu's most famous eight translations, but the study of Yan Fu's translation thoughts and characteristics is also very small, most of the research is from the history of cultural or ideological point of view. Therefore, from the perspective of translation study, in-depth analysis of" the study of sociology > version, comparison of source text and target text, explore Yan Fu manipulation and rewriting of the source language reason, Provide a new possibility for revealing and other construction. His translation thought
The author of this article by Brazil cannibalism theory, attempts based on the translation practice China colonial cultural context to interpret and explain the "study of sociology". Through the analysis of his translation of culture, history and social background of the source text rewriting, trying to prove that strict complex translation coincides with cannibalism translation. This paper is mainly to solve three problems, namely the causes and characteristics of Yan Fu's cannibalist translation, and comparison between Yan cannibalist translation and Brazil cannibalist translation.
The author first introduced the Brazil cannibalism translation source and tradition, summarizes the cannibalist translation strategies and practice. Cannibalism translation using "swallow" and "nourishment" analogy, the liberation of the western world, refused to claim the highlights of the third world cultural colonization, national identity and cultural traditions.
Secondly, the author analyzes the causes of Yan's translation coincides with cannibalism translation. He advanced scientific thought of combining Chinese and western translation cultural view makes him more receptive to the west, and its translation factors in the view of utilitarianism makes the translation with the practicality of the distinctive features of that is to be able to meet the needs of the cultural context of the target language. In addition, because at the time of the China in the semi feudal and semi colonial period, so his translation is a product of advanced western cultural knowledge and China combination of traditional thoughts.
Again, the author in the study of sociology < > as an example, analyzes the characteristics of the cannibalist translation. In the translator's position, Yan Fu in the source text selection and translation norms are cannibalist, namely, the choice of a strong cultural text and abandoning the absolute faithfulness. Yan Fu reached the purpose and operation of "rebellion" with "cannibalist translation characteristics of the original and" blood transfusion "swallowed". In the aspect of the translation strategies, Yan Fu and cannibalism translation adopt the domesticating strategy. Yan Fu in < > in the study of sociology, and, case, comparison of Chinese and western strategy, the original form of sociology and ideological content the creative and cannibalist adjustment.
Finally, through the contrastive analysis, the author finds that Yan Fu cannibalist translation and Brazil cannibalism translation difference is of extreme degree and motivation text adapted different. On the one hand, Brazil translation scholars praised the translation is a new hybrid text, "kill" the original tune, strong diversification, so from the source text level translation a large study of sociology, while the < > on the whole is still very faithful to the original text. On the other hand, Brazil cannibalism translation is the standpoint of shaping their own cultural identity and Yan Fu's translation through translation and introduction of western scientific thought to achieve the goal of "national salvation".
In this paper, to a certain extent, the expansion of the "study of sociology research and understanding" also provides, in the context of modern China under the example for Brazil cannibal translation theory, on China modern sociology communication research also has certain reference significance.

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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