张艺谋“印象系列”的修辞学分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 10:54

本文选题：修辞　切入点：象征　出处：《福建师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“印象系列”是当今中国文艺界新兴的一种艺术形式,并且开始在全国多个地方陆续上演。许多类似的艺术手法都只能短时间吸引观众的注意力,可唯独这一系列长时间广受关注,并且还正继续扩充和发展。这是本文之立意背景。国内学术界已从经济、政治、文化、旅游、艺术甚至环保等角度对“印象系列”进行了积极有益的探讨与研究。然而由于种种原因,未能从西方修辞学的角度予以关注和研究,这是展开本研究的动力所在。西方修辞学虽然在传统上曾被等同于“言说的艺术”,“说服的艺术”,其象征手段似乎只跟“语言”应用相关,但实际上,它所涉及的“非语言”因素远远超过了人们想象的范围。近代修辞学实际上大大延伸了传统的“象征”定义,使之涵盖了以语言为代表的一切标记和符号,包括语言的和非语言的。“印象系列”是新出现的一种重要艺术形式,其兴起和成功的原因若能从西方修辞学的象征角度进行解释,则表演方和观众必定都受益。西方修辞学无论从定义、本质,还是内涵与外延看,都离不开修辞者／受众这一根本关系；任何一个修辞事件都是两者关系的互动而形成的。“印象系列”的编导和观众之间的关联从本质上说是一种独特而典型的修辞者／受众关系。本文以此为突破口,重点探讨“印象系列”编导者如何在修辞实践中通过语言象征手段(主要是传统的“施压”方式)劝说受众,以及通过非语言象征手段(主要是以伯克为代表的修辞学者提出的“认同”策略)顺应受众,最终赢得受众的信服,取得预期的修辞效果,从而进一步揭示修辞者与受众之间操控与反操控的深层关系。本文还以“印象大红袍”为案例,从修辞学的角度分析了“印象系列”中存在的不足之处。本文采用西方修辞学角度,遵循理论联系实际原则,采取描述性、归纳性、横向与纵向、历时与共时相结合的阐述与论述等方法开展相关研究。本文认为：掌握西方修辞学,并在公共话语以及“非语言”方式的修辞互动中,善于开发各种修辞资源并灵活运用各种修辞策略,不仅对以“印象系列”为代表的中国当代文艺作品达到互动目的、取得修辞效果具有启发意义,更是修辞者／受众双方在修辞互动中提高修辞意识、获得“双赢”效果的必经之路与根本途径。
[Abstract]:Impression Series is a new art form in Chinese literature and art circle, and it has been performed in many places in China.Many of these techniques are only short-term, but they are the only ones that have attracted a lot of attention for a long time and are continuing to expand and develop.This is the background of this paper.The domestic academic circles have carried on the positive and beneficial discussion and research on "impression series" from the angle of economy, politics, culture, tourism, art and even environmental protection.However, due to various reasons, it is the motive force of this study to pay attention and study from the perspective of western rhetoric.Although Western rhetoric has traditionally been equated with "the art of speech" and "the art of persuasion", its symbolic means seem to be related only to the application of "language", but in fact,It involves "non-verbal" factors far beyond one's imagination.In fact, modern rhetoric has greatly extended the traditional definition of "symbolism" to cover all marks and symbols represented by language, including linguistic and non-linguistic.Impression Series is an important new art form. If the reasons for its rise and success can be explained from the symbolic perspective of western rhetoric, both the performers and the audience will benefit.In terms of definition, essence, connotation and extension, Western rhetoric is inseparable from the fundamental relationship of the rhetorical person / audience, and any rhetorical event is formed by the interaction of the two.The relationship between the director of impression series and audience is essentially a unique and typical rhetorical / audience relationship.Taking this as a breakthrough, this paper focuses on how the editor of "impression Series" persuades the audience by means of linguistic symbolism (mainly traditional "pressure") in rhetorical practice.And by means of non-verbal symbolism (mainly the "identity" strategy proposed by Burke's rhetorical scholars), the audience will be convinced and the expected rhetorical effect will be achieved.It further reveals the deep relationship between manipulation and anti-manipulation between the rhetorical and the audience.Taking impression Da Hong Pao as an example, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of impression series from the perspective of rhetoric.From the perspective of western rhetoric and following the principle of combining theory with practice, this paper adopts the methods of descriptive, inductive, horizontal and vertical, diachronic and synchronic exposition and exposition.This paper holds that: mastering the rhetoric of the West, and in the public discourse and "non-verbal" rhetorical interaction, is good at developing various rhetorical resources and using various rhetorical strategies flexibly.It is not only instructive for the Chinese contemporary literary works represented by "impression Series" to achieve the purpose of interaction and achieve rhetorical effects, but also to enhance the rhetorical awareness of the two sides in the process of rhetorical interaction.The only way and the fundamental way to achieve the "win-win" effect.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15

【参考文献】