基于费尔克劳夫三维分析模型对比分析《纽约时报》与《中国日报》关于利比亚战争的报道

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:21

本文选题：新闻语篇　切入点：费氏三维度分析模型　出处：《郑州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：新闻的传播在人们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色,与传统上新闻媒体所宣传的公正、客观的报道新闻事件不同,学者们开始意识到新闻语篇中的语言,作为信息传递的载体,在向人们传递消息的过程中,同时也暗含的传达出媒体对相关新闻事件的观点和态度。对该领域的研究已引起了众多的关注,其中,起源于批评语言学的批评话语分析被誉是为对新闻语篇研究的一种重要分析模式,旨在探究语言及其深层隐含的权力和意识形态的关系。利比亚战争作为2011年世界上的热点问题,一直备受各国瞩目。由于政治立场的不同,美国和中国对于利比亚问题的意见一直存在着一定分歧。《纽约时报》和《中国日报》作为美国和中国国内的重要新闻媒体,其报道的态势和观点在一定程度上能够代表两国媒体对该事件的思想意识和价值取向。费尔克劳夫的三维分析模型从辩证、建构的语言观出发,为从批评语篇分析的视角研究新闻语篇提供了一个系统完善的分析方法。本研究将基于费氏三维度分析模型作为理论框架,以韩礼德系统功能语法的概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能作为分析工具,从《纽约时报》和《中国日报》对利比亚战争的报道中选出20篇具有代表性并能进行对比的新闻报道,分别从文本、话语实践和社会实践三个层面进行批评对比分析。在文本阶段,主要通过对概念功能的及物性和词汇选择,人际功能的情态以及语篇功能的主位选择四个方面进行具体的语言描述的分析；在话语实践阶段,从信息来源和转述方式两个方面对新闻语篇的生成和理解进行阐释；在社会实践阶段,从两个媒体的机构背景以及利比亚战争的国际社会背景方面进行解释,进而揭示语言与意识形态、权利之间的深层关系,从而探讨媒体如何将不同的政治立场与社会因素渗透到新闻报道的语篇中,从语言研究的角度使人们更清楚的理解新闻语篇背后隐藏的话语权力和意识形态。研究表明,《纽约时报》与《中国日报》对利比亚战争的报道确实存在着一定的不同,《纽约时报》的立场站在以美国、法国为首的北约一方,在利比亚国内倾向于支持利比亚反对派。而《中国日报》则不太赞同北约对利比亚的军事打击,在利比亚国内保持一定的中立态度,更多的是对饱受战争之苦的利比亚政府和人民的同情。事实上,两国媒体对利比亚战争各方态度的不同主要是由美国和中国两国政府的不同政治立场所决定的。受国家权力控制和影响的新闻媒体在通过语言报道和传递消息的时候,会有意识的强调某些内容,旨在塑造受众的思想意识形态。所以读者在阅读新闻的时候,应提高自身的甄别力和批评性思考的能力,提高对语言所暗含意识形态的敏感程度。
[Abstract]:The dissemination of news plays an important role in people's daily life. Different from the impartial and objective reporting of news events, scholars begin to realize the language in news discourse as a carrier of information transmission.In the process of transmitting information to people, it also conveys the media's view and attitude to the related news events.The research in this field has attracted much attention, among which critical discourse analysis, which originated from critical linguistics, is regarded as an important analytical model for the study of news discourses.The purpose is to explore the relationship between language and its deep implication of power and ideology.Libya War as a hot issue in the world in 2011, has been the focus of attention all over the world.Because of different political positions, the United States and China have always had different views on the Libyan issue. The New York Times and the China Daily are important news media in the United States and China.The situation and viewpoint of the report can represent the ideology and value orientation of the two countries' media to some extent.From the perspective of dialectical and constructive language, Faircroft's three-dimensional analysis model provides a systematic and perfect analytical method for the study of news discourse from the perspective of critical discourse analysis.In this study, the conceptual function, interpersonal function and textual function of Halliday's systemic functional grammar are taken as the theoretical framework based on Fay's three-dimension analysis model.From the New York Times and China Daily, 20 representative and contrasting news reports on the Libya War were selected and analyzed respectively from three aspects: text, discourse practice and social practice.In the text stage, we analyze the specific language description from four aspects: conceptual function, transitivity and lexical choice, modality of interpersonal function and thematic choice of discourse function.It explains the generation and understanding of news discourse from two aspects of information sources and reporting methods, and explains the institutional background of the two media and the international social background of the Libyan war in the stage of social practice.Furthermore, it reveals the deep relationship between language, ideology and rights, and probes into how the media permeate different political positions and social factors into the discourse of news reports.From the perspective of language research, people can understand the discourse power and ideology behind news discourse more clearly.The study shows that the New York Times and the China Daily do have certain differences in the coverage of the war in Libya. The New York Times stands on the NATO side led by the United States and France.In Libya there is a tendency to support the Libyan opposition.The China Daily, on the other hand, disagrees with NATO's military strike against Libya, maintains a certain neutrality in Libya, and is more sympathetic to the Libyan government and people who have suffered from the war.In fact, the differences between the two countries' media about the different sides of the war in Libya are mainly determined by the different political positions of the United States and the Chinese governments.The news media controlled and influenced by the state power will consciously emphasize some contents in order to shape the ideology of the audience when they report and transmit information in language.Therefore, when reading news, readers should improve their ability of discrimination and critical thinking, and enhance their sensitivity to the ideology implied by language.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H052

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