西班牙语母语学习者汉语趋向补语偏误分析及教学对策

发布时间：2018-04-12 08:48

本文选题：趋向补语 + 偏误分析　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：补语,是用于述语后面对述语进行补充说明作用的成分。汉语语法中的补语是外国学生学习汉语的难点,也是对外汉语教学中的研究重点。西班牙语没有能完全与汉语补语相对应的句法成分,这是很多西语母语学习者认为“述补结构”难以掌握的原因之一。不过更重要的原因还是在于这种结构本身有其复杂性。受西班牙语语序、语义和语境等多个要素的影响,汉语补语在西班牙语中通常转化为状语、副动词。在多数情况下,西班牙语会省略与汉语中的补语表达相类似的结构。所以对于以西班牙语为母语的学习者来说,了解两国语言的语法结构尤为重要。因此,对趋向补语的深入了解和研究将会加深对整个汉语语法系统的认识。本文对汉语补语与西班牙语的相应成分进行比较,着重讨论这两种语言在习惯上和语法结构的不同之处,将汉语趋向补语在汉语和西班牙语种的表现进行对比,并在此基础上以学生的调查问卷为主要依据,总结西语母语学习者习得趋向补语时产生的偏误类型并分析其原因,逐步展开讨论,并为西语母语学习者在习得汉语趋向补语的方法以及教师们的教学编排提出合理化建议,提高教学的针对性,从而有助于正在学习汉语和即将学习汉语的西语母语学习者们在学习趋向补语过程避免再犯此类的错误。
[Abstract]:Complement is the element that is used to supplement and explain the predicate after the predicate.Complement in Chinese grammar is a difficult point for foreign students to learn Chinese, and it is also a research focus in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The fact that Spanish does not have syntactic elements corresponding to Chinese complements is one of the reasons why many native speakers of Spanish find it difficult to master the "predicate complement structure".More important, though, is the complexity of the structure itself.Influenced by Spanish word order, semantics and context, Chinese complements are usually transformed into adverbials and adverbial verbs in Spanish.In most cases, Spanish omits structures similar to complement expressions in Chinese.Therefore, it is particularly important for Spanish-speaking learners to understand the grammatical structure of both languages.Therefore, the in-depth understanding and study of directional complement will deepen the understanding of the whole Chinese grammar system.This paper compares the corresponding components of Chinese complement and Spanish, mainly discusses the differences between the two languages in habit and grammatical structure, and compares the performance of Chinese directional complement in Chinese and Spanish.On the basis of the questionnaire, this paper summarizes the types of errors in the acquisition of directional complement by native language learners, and analyzes the reasons for the errors, and discusses them step by step.It also puts forward some reasonable suggestions for the acquisition of Chinese directional complement and teachers' teaching arrangement by native language learners in order to improve the pertinence of the teaching.Therefore, it is helpful for the western native language learners who are learning Chinese and about to learn Chinese to avoid making such mistakes in the process of learning trend complement.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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