汉日同形词对比及汉语教学策略

发布时间：2018-04-15 13:27

本文选题：汉日同形词 + 正负迁移　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中日两国是一衣带水的邻邦，早在公元三世纪中国的汉字就传到了日本，从此奠定了中国和日本是汉字文化圈的主要国家，两国的汉字经过1700多年的演变，形成了很多汉日同形词。这些词，大致可以分成汉日同形同义词、汉日同形异义词和汉日同形近义词三类，而其中的汉日同形同义词对日本学生学习汉语产生正迁移的影响比较大；相反地，汉日同形异义词和汉日同形近义词对日本学生学习汉语产生负迁移的影响比较大，以上这些特点使汉日同形词成为日本留学生掌握汉语词汇的重点和难点。本论文从汉日同形词的语义、语用和语法等多个角度展开对比研究。在语义上，主要从语义范畴出发，比较了日语的词义范畴比汉语广，汉语的词义范畴比日语广与汉语和日语词义范畴交叉三种情况。在语用上，主要从古今、语体和褒贬色彩的角度出发，比较了汉日同形词在各自语言系统中的语用用法，并从动宾和偏正两个搭配角度出发，研究汉日同形词修饰对象的相同点和不同点。在语法上，，主要从汉日同形词在汉日两种语言中的不同词性的角度出发，通过对四组例句的偏误分析找出其中的汉日同形词在词性用法上的区别。通过采用文献综述、调查研究和对比等研究方法，找出其中的异同点作为对日汉语教师今后教学的参考，并对日本留学生学习汉日同形词提供一些切实可行的学习方法，从而达到成功习得第二语言的目的。
[Abstract]:China and Japan are neighboring countries with a narrow strip of water. As early as the third century AD, Chinese characters spread to Japan. Since then, China and Japan have been the major countries in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. The Chinese characters of the two countries have evolved after more than 1700 years of evolution.Many Chinese and Japanese homographs were formed.These words can be roughly divided into three categories: Chinese and Japanese synonyms, Chinese and Japanese isomorphic synonyms and Chinese and Japanese isomorphic synonyms, among which Chinese and Japanese isomorphic synonyms have a greater impact on the positive transfer of Japanese students in learning Chinese; on the contrary,Chinese and Japanese homonyms and synonyms have a great influence on Japanese students' negative transfer in learning Chinese. These characteristics make Chinese and Japanese homonyms become important and difficult for Japanese students to master Chinese vocabulary.This thesis makes a contrastive study on the semantic, pragmatic and grammatical aspects of Chinese and Japanese homographs.In terms of semantics, the semantic category of Japanese is wider than that of Chinese, and that of Chinese is wider than that of Japanese and that of Chinese and Japanese.In terms of pragmatics, this paper compares the pragmatic usage of homographs in Chinese and Japanese in their respective language systems from the perspectives of ancient and modern style, style and accolade, and sets out from two collocations: verb-object and positive-object collocation.This paper studies the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese homographs.From the perspective of different parts of speech between Chinese and Japanese homographs in Chinese and Japanese, the differences in the usage of Chinese and Japanese homographs in parts of speech are found through the analysis of errors in four groups of example sentences.By using the methods of literature review, investigation and comparison, this paper finds out the similarities and differences between them as a reference for the future teaching of Japanese Chinese teachers, and provides some practical learning methods for Japanese foreign students to learn Chinese and Japanese homographs.In order to achieve the goal of successful acquisition of second language.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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