对越南儿童初级汉语口语教学研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 23:11

本文选题：越南 + 儿童　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在总结前贤研究成果的基础上，以对外汉语教学理论为主导，对越南儿童习得汉语情况，包括学习对象的社会和教育背景、师资状况、教材的选用等问题做出初步的分析，，并提出一些建议。就目前情况来，越南的汉语教学与汉语学习还存在很多困难，主要是：第一，也是最重要的，那就是严重缺乏汉语教师，无论在数量上还是质量方面。许多越南高校都设有中文系，但经过培训的教师数量却并不多；第二，汉语教科书尚未统一，每所学校所采用的汉语教程都不一样。虽然大部分教材都选自北京大学出版社、北京语言文化大学出版社、台湾师范大学出版社等，但具体选用哪一套也不太一样；第三：对中文系毕业生应达到怎样的汉语水平，各高校还没有给出明确的规定和测试标准。本文针对越南儿童学习汉语现状做了初步的分析，在此基础上提出一些建议，主要观点如下： 1、词语的范围应该以常用的生活词语为主，让学生掌握其基本意义与主要用法，并在此基础上尝试着快速组织成话语，使学生能够做到脱口而出、及时应答。 2、教师要让学生尽可能地把所学到的知识转化为实际的交际能力，能够对熟悉的话题作简短的问答和陈述。在此基础上，帮助学生说简单的句子，逐渐表达成段，一步一步地形成一种自然反应。 3、在文化适应能力方面，教师尽量帮助学生在学习知识的同时感受中国博大精深的悠久文化，加强学生对中国文化的认识，帮助学生在表达方面，不但说得准确，还可以说得漂亮。 4、针对越南儿童习得汉语语音、词汇、语法等特点，教师应采取多种多样，丰富多彩的教学方法和技巧。针对学习者的不同阶段，同一个方法的具体表现可能也有所不同，但“教无定法”不等于“教无法则”。在教学的过程中，应当遵循一些基本的原则，即“师生互动、以学生为中心、在快乐中学习和体会汉语”等等。
[Abstract]:On the basis of summarizing the research results of the former sages and taking the theory of teaching Chinese as a foreign language as the leading factor, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the situation of Vietnamese children's acquisition of Chinese, including the social and educational background of the learning objects, the status of teachers, the selection of teaching materials, and so on.Some suggestions are put forward.At present, there are still many difficulties in Chinese teaching and learning in Vietnam, mainly as follows: first, and most importantly, there is a serious shortage of Chinese teachers, both in quantity and quality.Many Vietnamese colleges and universities have Chinese departments, but the number of trained teachers is not large. Second, Chinese textbooks are not uniform, and Chinese courses are not the same in each school.Although most of the teaching materials are selected from Peking University Press, Beijing language and Culture University Press, Taiwan normal University Press and so on, they are not exactly the same. Third, as to what Chinese language graduates should achieve,Colleges and universities have not yet given clear regulations and test standards.This paper makes a preliminary analysis on the present situation of Vietnamese children's learning Chinese, and puts forward some suggestions on this basis. The main points are as follows:1. The scope of words should be based on common life words, so that students can master their basic meaning and main usage, and on this basis try to quickly organize into words, so that students can blurt out and reply in time.2. Teachers should make students turn what they have learned into practical communicative competence as much as possible and be able to make brief questions and statements on familiar topics.On this basis, help students to speak simple sentences, gradually express into paragraphs, step by step to form a natural response.3. In terms of their ability to adapt to culture, teachers try to help students learn knowledge while feeling China's rich and profound culture, strengthen students' understanding of Chinese culture, and help students not only speak accurately in terms of expression.You can say it well.4. In view of Vietnamese children's acquisition of Chinese pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and other characteristics, teachers should adopt a variety of teaching methods and skills.According to different stages of learners, the performance of the same method may be different, but "teaching without certainty" is not equal to "teaching cannot be taught".In the process of teaching, we should follow some basic principles, such as "teacher-student interaction, student-centered, learning and understanding Chinese in happiness" and so on.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【参考文献】