中美“国家”概念隐喻对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 20:07

本文选题：中美 + 国家　；参考：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“国家”概念是社会学的一个重要范畴,是由抽象概念(社会,政治)到实质概念(政权,领土和人民)的过度者,它与我们每个人的生活都息息相关,是人类社会存在和运行的重要形式和推动者,也是人类长期社会认知活动和实践的重要成果。概念隐喻是认知语言学的一个重要理论,是对人类认知规律概括的结晶,它对人类的社会认知活动具有巨大指导作用,因此,本文运用认知语言学的概念隐喻理论来分析国家概念,通过中美语言对比分析来概括出人们对国家概念的认知方式的异同。本文以选自于CCL和COCA两大语料库的中美两国语言中含有的关于国家概念的隐喻表达为语料进行对比研究。参照Steen的五步法,本文将与国家概念有关的隐喻表达分别从语料中选取出来,而后采用Lakoff的概念隐喻理论来分析归纳始源域与目标域之间的映射规律,归纳出了中美语言中的国家概念隐喻。汉语中选取了人,动物,植物,容器,建筑,机器,自然力为始源域来理解国家概念；美语中选取了人,植物,建筑,机器和公司为始源域。本文经过对中美两国语言中的国家概念隐喻的系统对比分析最终得出如下结论： 1.国家“隐喻”本质上是一种从客观世界中较具体的事物到较抽象的国家概念的有规律的概念映射,不同的概念隐喻用不同的事物对国家的不同要素(政权、人民、领土)进行认识,在不同的概念隐喻中,概念映射的侧重点也不同。 2.基于人类共同的体验,中美选取了相似的始源域,但在整体相似的概念映射之下,中美又选取了各自不同的意象和表达,比如家庭隐喻和机器隐喻。 3.由于社会文化等的不同,中美也有各自独特的始源域,如汉语中的自然力和美语中的公司,这反映了二者不同的文化特点。4.国家概念隐喻具有认知和社会政治作用,能够在潜意识中影响人的思想及行为,同时对国家政策的制定和执行也能起到很大作用。分析中美两国语言中的国家隐喻表达将有助于我们更好地理解“国家”在中美两国社会中的作用及中美两国人民对这一重要概念的理解,同时也可以验证概念隐喻理论的普遍性和民族性,及其在其他领域运用的可行性,这将有助于我们理解中美两种不同制度下的人们在理解国家概念及其运作机制和政策方面的异同,有利于跨文化交流和合作,进而对理解人类不同的认知思维模式也做出贡献。
[Abstract]:The concept of "State" is an important aspect of sociology, an excess from abstract concepts (society, politics) to substantive concepts (regimes, territories and peoples), which are closely related to the lives of each and every one of us. It is an important form and promoter of the existence and operation of human society, and it is also an important achievement of human long-term social cognition activity and practice. Conceptual metaphor is an important theory of cognitive linguistics, it is the crystallization of the generalization of human cognitive laws, it has a great guiding role in human social cognitive activities, therefore, This paper uses the conceptual metaphor theory of cognitive linguistics to analyze the concept of nation and generalizes the similarities and differences of the cognitive style of the concept of nation through the contrastive analysis of Chinese and American languages. This paper makes a comparative study of the metaphorical expressions of the concept of state in the Chinese and American languages selected from the CCL and COCA corpora. Referring to Steen's five-step approach, this paper selects the metaphorical expressions related to the concept of country from the corpus, and then uses Lakoff's conceptual metaphor theory to analyze the mapping laws between the origin domain and the target domain. The conceptual metaphors of state in Chinese and American languages are summed up. In Chinese, people, animals, plants, containers, architecture, machines, and natural forces are chosen to understand the concept of state; in American, people, plants, architecture, machines and companies are chosen as the original domain. Based on a systematic comparative analysis of conceptual metaphors in Chinese and American languages, this thesis draws the following conclusions: 1. National metaphor is essentially a regular conceptual mapping from the more concrete things in the objective world to the more abstract concepts of the state. Different conceptual metaphors use different things to different elements of the country (regime, people, people, etc.) In different conceptual metaphors, the emphasis of conceptual mapping is also different. 2. Based on the common human experience, China and the United States choose the similar origin domain, but under the concept mapping of the whole similarity, China and the United States choose their own different images and expressions, such as family metaphor and machine metaphor. 3. Because of the different social culture, China and the United States have their own unique origins, such as the natural force in Chinese and the company in American language, which reflects their different cultural characteristics. Conceptual metaphor of the state has cognitive and socio-political functions, which can influence people's thoughts and behaviors subconsciously, and also play a great role in the formulation and implementation of national policies. An analysis of the expressions of national metaphors in the Chinese and American languages will help us better understand the role of the "state" in the society of China and the United States and the understanding of this important concept by the Chinese and the American people. At the same time, it can also prove the universality and nationality of conceptual metaphor theory, and the feasibility of its application in other fields. This will help us to understand the similarities and differences between the two systems in understanding the concept of the country and its operational mechanisms and policies. It will also be conducive to cross-cultural exchanges and cooperation, thus contributing to the understanding of different cognitive thinking patterns of human beings.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H05

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