认知视角下中美手语词汇语义对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 12:49

本文选题：手语 + 认知　；参考：《东北林业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：手语是世界各国聋人使用的语言,是聋人交流思想、表达情感、获取信息、参与社会活动和进行日常生活的主要工具。认知科学的发展为手语词汇的研究提供了新的、系统的和较为有力的视角。语言既是符号系统又是人类思维的反映和认知的工具。对语言进行象似性、隐喻和转喻研究是认知语言学研究的一个重要组成部分,其研究成果同样适用于手语。由于手语是一种视觉性的语言,所以一切非视觉概念的表达不可避免地以视觉意象作为归宿。人们往往通过已知的认知域去认识和理解未知的认知域,从而创造新的概念,这便是隐喻的过程。此外,人们还会借助于同一认知域中概念间的相互映射,用一个概念实体来理解和表达另一个概念实体,这一过程被称之为转喻。但是,由于地域、民族的不同、思维方式的差异,人们的认知既有相似之处也有不同之处。因此,反映在中、美手语之间也产生了诸多相似之处和不同之处。本文以中国手语和美国手语手形词典为研究基础,构建三十六组中、美手语词汇图库,基于认知视角,运用象似性理论,分别从直接表达、数字表达、手形表达等六个方面对中国手语和美国手语进行比较和分析。此外,运用隐喻和转喻理论对中国手语和美国手语词汇词义演变进行对比研究,旨在展示两者之间的异同点,并进一步阐明了对中、美手语进行对比研究的意义。研究结果表明,象似性在手语词汇的生成方面,以及以象似性为基础的转喻和隐喻在手语语义的发展方面都起到非常重要的作用。他们是手语语言生成和变化,尤其是手语词汇方面的语义生成和变化的主要构成方式。手语词汇的语义发展和变化存在着一定的理据性而非任意性。这一点可以通过手语词汇的语义如何实现扩展这一过程加以说明,而此过程是以转喻和隐喻为基础魄。本文以认知为视角创新性地对中、美手语词汇的语义生成及变化进行了象似性、转喻、隐喻三方面的对比分析,此研究有别于传统语言学对手语的研究,并且将手语词汇与人的认知思维方式联系起来,对中、美手语所表现的思维方式差异进行阐释。最后,本文提出了本研究的主要研究价值,即对中、美手语对比研究的启示以及提出相应的建议,旨在促进中国手语研究的进程,推动中国手语语言地位的确立。鉴于此,本文的研究结果对中国手语研究及手语翻译的教学和学习具有理论上的和应用上的双重价值。
[Abstract]:Sign language is the language used by deaf people all over the world. It is the main tool for deaf people to exchange ideas, express emotions, obtain information, participate in social activities and carry out daily life. The development of cognitive science provides a new, systematic and powerful perspective for the study of sign language vocabulary. Language is not only a symbolic system but also a reflection and cognitive tool of human thinking. The study of iconicity, metaphor and metonymy is an important part of cognitive linguistics. Because sign language is a kind of visual language, the expression of all non-visual concepts inevitably depends on visual image. It is a metaphorical process that people often recognize and understand unknown cognitive domains through known cognitive domains to create new concepts. In addition, one conceptual entity can be used to understand and express another conceptual entity by means of the mapping between concepts in the same cognitive domain. This process is called metonymy. However, due to the difference of region, nationality and mode of thinking, people's cognition has both similarities and differences. Therefore, reflected in Chinese, there are also many similarities and differences between American sign language. Based on the Chinese sign language and American sign language hand dictionaries, this paper constructs a map library of 36 groups of American sign language lexicon. Based on the cognitive perspective and using iconicity theory, we use the theory of iconicity to express directly and numerically, respectively. The comparison and analysis of Chinese sign language and American sign language are made in six aspects such as hand expression. In addition, a comparative study on the lexical meaning evolution of Chinese sign language and American sign language is carried out by using metaphor and metonymy theory in order to show the similarities and differences between them, and further clarify the significance of the comparative study between Chinese and American sign language. The results show that iconicity plays an important role in the generation of sign language vocabulary, as well as metonymy and metaphor based on iconicity in the development of sign language semantics. They are the main composition of sign language language generation and change, especially the semantic generation and change of sign language vocabulary. There are some motivations rather than arbitrariness in the semantic development and change of sign language vocabulary. This can be explained by how the semantics of sign language words can be extended, which is based on metonymy and metaphor. From the perspective of cognition, this paper makes a comparative analysis of semantic generation and change of Chinese and American sign language vocabulary in three aspects: iconicity, metonymy and metaphor. This study is different from the traditional linguistic research on sign language. In addition, the differences between Chinese and American sign language thinking modes are explained by connecting sign language vocabulary with human cognitive thinking style. Finally, this paper puts forward the main research value of this study, that is, the enlightenment to the contrastive study of Chinese and American sign language and the corresponding suggestions, in order to promote the process of Chinese sign language research and promote the establishment of the status of Chinese sign language. In view of this, the results of this study are of both theoretical and practical value for the study of Chinese sign language and the teaching and learning of sign language translation.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H126.3;H312

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