孔子学院传播中国民族文化的“卡里斯马”效应研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 22:17

本文选题：跨文化传播 + 民族文化　；参考：《中南民族大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：孔子学院是我国政府建立的汉语言学习和中国文化传播的唯一的国际非营利性组织，自2004年11月第一所在韩国挂牌成立以来，截止2012年5月，已经在全球100多个国家设立了500所左右。我国作为拥有上下五千年历史的文化大国，在信息秩序不平衡的国际传播态势下，在文化输出方面显然处于劣势地位，所以孔子学院的建立和发展更加引人注目。身为海外的民族文化传播实体，在跨文化传播的境遇下，在自身发展的困难下，如何肩负民族文化传播使命，并且更好地弘扬民族文化这一问题，对于传播学理论发展不但有所助益，同时，对孔子学院的文化传播实践具有一定的现实意义。本文借鉴马克斯.韦伯的“卡里斯马”效应理论，结合民族文化发展的基本规律，旨在阐述“孔子学院是具有‘卡里斯马’气质的跨文化传播实体”这一核心思想，并引入传播学的三大理论从孔子学院的传播者、传播过程及受众三个传播要素分析孔子学院在传播民族文化方面的“卡里斯马”效应发挥现状、问题，并探究孔子学院“卡里斯马”效应发挥不足的原因，提出强化孔子学院“卡里斯马”效应传播民族文化的对策。孔子学院在传播民族文化方面取得了独到的成绩，主要表现在孔子学院在国外的“落地生根”真正成为了国家交流合作的桥梁，国家打造文化软实力的“最亮品牌”，，国家形象建构的“国际使者”；同时，孔子学院在跨文化传播背景下收获了一定的经验，即紧紧围绕国家建设目标发展，积极探索发展路径，注重开拓传播资源；上述各方面都是孔子学院的“卡里斯马”效用发挥在民族文化传播方面的切实表现。孔子学院在民族文化传播过程中遇到了一定的问题，主要表现在国内外各界对孔子学院建设发展评价褒贬不一，孔子学院文化传播效果有限，孔子学院在文化传播方面硬件条件有待改善，这些也反映出孔子学院传播民族文化过程中“卡里斯马”效应发挥不足。孔子学院发挥“卡里斯马”效应不够的原因体现在以下三方面，从传播主体看是政府背景色彩浓厚，和发展过速导致的重“量”轻“质”；从传播效果影响因素分析，可以说是对外汉语教师专业权威不足对信息来源可信度造成的负面影响，以及从群体差异衍生的民族认同影响传播效果；从传播内容影响因素考虑则为孔子学院在民族文化传播过程中文化价值不凸显，和文化自觉性有待提高等原因。强化孔子学院“卡里斯马”效应的发挥，使孔子学院更好地传播民族文化的策略，一是从政府主导模式变革、提升传播主体专业权威和立足民族文化的全方位传播三个方面构建文化传播体系；二是在文化价值选择的有效输出、文化内涵整合的优势发展以及文化形式创新的本土发展三个方面发掘文化优势；三是运用多元手段，如媒介资源整合、打造全球文化品牌、带动相关文化产业链等加强孔子学院在弘扬中华民族文化的力度。孔子学院是中华民族文化的集中代表和典型象征，既是民族文化跨文化传播的主体，同时也是载体，孔子学院对于中国民族文化传播作用重大，挖掘中华民族优秀文化的“卡里斯马”品质进行优势传播，打造国家“文化软实力”品牌，将成为孔子学院民族文化传播进程的必然选择。
[Abstract]:The Confucius Institute is the only international non - profit organization established by our government in Chinese language learning and Chinese culture , and has been set up in May 2012 in more than 100 countries since its inception in November 2004 .

As a cultural country with five thousand years of history , our country is obviously inferior in cultural output under the international communication situation of unbalanced information order , so the establishment and development of Confucius Institute is more remarkable . As an overseas national cultural communication entity , how to carry out the mission of national culture in the face of cross - cultural communication and carry forward the national culture is beneficial to the development of communication theory . At the same time , it is of practical significance to the culture dissemination practice of Confucius Institute .

Based on Max Weber ' s " Karrima " effect theory and the basic law of the development of national culture , this paper aims at elaborating the core idea of " Confucius Institute " , which is a cross - cultural communication entity with ' Kallima ' temperament , and introduces the three theories of communication . It analyzes the current situation and problems of " Kallima " effect of Confucius Institute in the dissemination of national culture , and explores the reasons why Confucius Institute plays an insufficient role in the dissemination of national culture , and puts forward some countermeasures to strengthen the effect of Confucius Institute on the spread of national culture .

The Confucius Institute has achieved unique achievements in the dissemination of national culture , mainly manifested in the " Rooting " of Confucius Institute abroad , which has become the bridge of national communication and cooperation , the " brightest brand " of national culture soft power and the " international messenger " of national image construction ;
At the same time , Confucius Institute has gained some experience in the background of cross - cultural communication , that is , to focus on the development of national construction goals , actively explore the development path , and focus on exploiting the communication resources ;
The above - mentioned aspects are the effective performance of Confucius Institute ' s " Kalisma " utility in the dissemination of national culture .

The Confucius Institute encountered a certain problem in the process of national culture communication , mainly manifested in the appraisal of Confucius Institute ' s construction and development at home and abroad , and the effect of Confucius Institute ' s cultural communication is limited , and the hardware condition of Confucius Institute in cultural communication is still to be improved , which also reflects the shortage of " Kallima " in the process of propagating national culture in Confucius Institute .

The reason why the Confucius Institute plays the role of " Kalisma " is embodied in the following three aspects : the concentration of the background color of the government and the heavy " quantity " light " quality " caused by the speed of development ;
From the analysis of the influencing factors of communication effect , it can be said that the lack of professional authority of the foreign language teachers has a negative impact on the credibility of the information source and the influence of the ethnic identity derived from the group difference .
The cultural value of Confucius Institute in the process of national culture communication is not obvious , and cultural self - consciousness needs to be improved .

To strengthen the play of the " Karrima " effect of Confucius Institute , make the Confucius Institute better disseminate the strategy of national culture , one is to construct the culture communication system from the three aspects of the change of government dominant mode , the promotion of the professional authority of the communication subject and the omni - directional dissemination of national culture ;
The second is to explore the cultural advantage in the three aspects : the effective output of cultural value choice , the advantages of cultural connotation integration and the local development of cultural form innovation ;
The third is to use the pluralistic means , such as the integration of the media resources , to create the global culture brand , to drive the relevant cultural industry chain and so on to strengthen the Confucius Institute to carry forward the Chinese culture .

Confucius Institute is the centralized representative and typical symbol of the Chinese culture , which is both the main body of the cross - cultural communication of the national culture and the carrier , and the Confucius Institute plays an important role in the spread of Chinese national culture and the quality of the " Kalisma " of the Chinese nation ' s excellent culture . It will be the inevitable choice for the national culture communication process of Confucius Institute .

【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【共引文献】