《盐铁论》新词新义研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 08:02

本文选题：《汉语大词典》 + 《盐铁论》　；参考：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《盐铁论》是西汉桓宽编撰的一部政论性著作,其成书的大体时间约在公元前66年至公元前49年(宣帝在位最末一年)之间,是盐铁会议后20年左右写成的。《盐铁论》在语言表达上既有骈体文的色彩,又因为是宫廷辩论,有大量的人物对话,基本上保留了当时的口语特色,是研究西汉中后期汉语词汇的重要材料。《汉语大词典》注意到了它的语言学价值,收录了《盐铁论》中出现的大量词语,其中不乏《盐铁论》中首见的新词和新义,表现为独引或首引《盐铁论》中的例子。例如,《汉语大词典》在解释“登得”、“贩官”、“简黜”、“牟利”等词时,都独引《盐铁论》用例；在解释“池|^”、“贡输”、“观成”、“乱真”、“搔动”、“施行”、“佐助”、“徇私”等词时,皆首引《盐铁论》用例。但是,学界对有关《盐铁论》新词新义的研究仍然相对薄弱,本文旨在全面探讨该书词语的地位和价值。除绪论和结语,本文共分两部分,第一部分为《盐铁论》中的新词,将《盐铁论》中的词语与《汉语大词典》相比照,找出为其失收或晚收的词语,并按照音序逐一讨论。第二部分为《盐铁论》中的新义,把《盐铁论》中的词语与《汉语大词典》进行比对,从而找出为其失收或晚收的义项,并按照音序逐一讨论。本文对找出的新词新义加以考释,追溯其源头。关于新词,我们发现《汉语大词典》失收“暴兵露师”、“编户”、“丞相史”、“大第”、“穿履”、“大夫君”等词,晚收“才女”、“代马”、“东市”、“口赋”、“盲人”、“目睹”、“七王”、“奇货”、“青绳”、“室宇”、“西羌”、“鲜肴”、“贤臣”、“小指”等词；关于新义,《汉语大词典》失收“狄人”的“狄族人”义、“洞房”的“宽敞的房屋”义、“末途”的“末途,末路,最后的结果”义、“少府”的“多与大农相对使用,但职责不同,少府是主掌皇帝私用的官,主管山海池泽的税收”意义、“释事”的“舍弃职事或职守”之义等,晚收“诚心”的“真心诚意”义、“金错”的“谓在器物上用黄金涂饰或镶嵌文字或花纹”义、“老亲”的“谓年老的父母”义、“缧绁”的“囚禁”义、“黎人”的“黎民”义、“邻境”的“邻近的地域”义、“名号”的“姓名,名字与别号”义、“辇毂”的“皇帝的车舆,代指皇帝”义、“清歌’的“清亮的歌声”义、“权衡”的“评量,较量”义、“人间”的“民间”义等。这些发现补充了《汉语大词典》对有关词语的收录情况,提前了相关词语的书证年代,有助于《汉语大词典》的修订,也有助于修正和补充汉语词汇史的一些结论。
[Abstract]:The theory of salt and iron is a political work compiled by Huanquan in the Western Han Dynasty. It was written about 20 years after the Salt and Iron Conference between 66 BC and 49 BC (the last year of Xuandi's reign). "Yantie" in language expression has the color of parallel style, and because it is a court debate, there is a large number of people dialogue, basically retained the characteristics of the spoken language at that time. It is an important material for the study of Chinese vocabulary in the middle and late Western Han Dynasty. The Chinese Dictionary has noticed its linguistic value and collected a large number of words and expressions appearing in Yantiao, including the first new words and new meanings in Yantiao. It is shown as an example in the theory of salt and iron cited alone or first. For example, when interpreting the terms "Deng de", "vendor official", "simple deposed", "profit-making" and so on, the Chinese Dictionary cited the use case of "Salt and Iron Theory" alone, and interpreted "Chi ^", "Gong Yu", "Guan Cheng", "fangzhen" and "scratch". The words "implement", "Sasuke" and "favoritism" are first cited in the use case of "Salt and Iron Theory". However, the academic research on the new meaning of the new words is still relatively weak. This paper aims to explore the status and value of the words in the book. In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, this paper is divided into two parts. The first part is the new words in "Salt Iron Theory". Comparing the words in "Salt Iron Theory" with the "Chinese Dictionary", we find out the words which are lost or late, and discuss them one by one according to the sound order. The second part is the new meaning in the theory of salt and iron. The words in the theory of salt and iron are compared with the Chinese Dictionary, so as to find out the meaning of lost or late collection, and discuss it one by one according to the phonetic order. This paper makes a textual study of the neologism and traces its source. With regard to new words, we find that the Chinese Dictionary has lost words such as "violent soldiers and teachers", "compilation of houses", "history of the prime minister", "big first", "wearing shoes", "great husband", "talented women", "substitute horses", "Dongshi", "mouth fu", etc. "Blind", "witness", "seven kings", "strange goods", "green rope", "room Yu", "Xi Qiang", "fresh food", "virtuous minister", "little finger", etc. The meaning of the "spacious house" of the "cave house", the "end of the road, the end of the road, and the final result" of the "cave house" and the "Shaofu" are used relative to those of the peasants, but their duties are different, and the Shaofu is the official in charge of the emperor's private use. The meaning of tax collection in charge of mountain, sea and pool, the meaning of "giving up duties or duties" of "explaining things", the meaning of "sincerity", and the meaning of "gold error" of "painting or inlaying words or patterns with gold on the objects", etc., "Old relatives" mean "old parents", "put in prision" imprisonment "," Li people "as" Li Min "," neighboring territories "as" neighboring territories "," names, names and other names "as" names, names and other names ". The chariot of the emperor refers to the emperor's meaning, the clear song of Qing Song, the evaluation of weighing and evaluating, and the folk meaning of the world. These findings complement the collection of relevant words in the Chinese Dictionary, advance the documentary proof age of the relevant words, help the revision of the Chinese Dictionary, and also help to revise and supplement some conclusions of the history of Chinese vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H131

【参考文献】