针对中亚留学生的对外汉字教学研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 20:04

本文选题：对外汉字教学 + 汉字特点　；参考：《西北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国日益提高的国际地位带动了全世界学习汉语的浪潮。学习汉语成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。对外汉语教学同样取得了非常不错的效果。留学生学习一段时间的汉语后,大都能用汉语交流,不存在“哑巴汉语”的现象。然而对外汉字教学的效果并不理想。汉字相对于其它语言的文字来说比较复杂,没有接触过汉字的留学生对汉字学习更是不知所措。这一问题的出现不仅和我们的教学方法有关也和汉字本身的特点有关。本论文采用问卷调查的方法对中亚留学生在书写汉字时经常出现的偏误进行了详细分析,并在前人研究的理论基础上,分别从汉字的构造方式到结构单位(笔画和部件)等方面对汉字教学提出了几点建议。最后以《三字经》为例设计对外汉字教学。笔者希望本文的一些观点能对以后的对外汉语教学有所帮助。本论文由五部分组成。第一章是概括对外汉字教学。介绍了我国目前对外汉字教学的研究现状及它在对外汉语教学中的地位。第二章是汉字知识。汉字和表音的拼音文字不同,它是表意文字。本章主要介绍了汉字的特点和结构方式,并重点分析了汉字的结构单位。第三章是分析留学生在书写汉字时出现的偏误。中亚留学生以前没有接触过汉字,书写汉字时经常出现增减部件,部件变形、错位等偏误。第四章是主要讲如何进行汉字教学,本章是该论文的重点。对外汉字教学应该以笔画和部件教学为基础并逐步扩展到独体字和合体字的教学。对外汉字教学也会涉及一定的中国文化,这也是个值得讨论的问题。第五章是实践部分。笔者根据自身的实习经历并结合对外汉字教学的实际情况,设计了一节以《三字经》为教学内容的教案。
[Abstract]:China's growing international position has led to a wave of learning Chinese around the world. Learning Chinese has become an irresistible trend. The teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has also achieved very good results. After studying Chinese for a period of time, most students can communicate with each other in Chinese, and there is no phenomenon of "mute Chinese". However, the effect of teaching Chinese characters in foreign countries is not ideal. Chinese characters are more complicated than other languages, and students who have not come into contact with Chinese characters are at a loss to learn Chinese characters. The emergence of this problem is not only related to our teaching methods but also to the characteristics of Chinese characters themselves. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the errors that often occur in the writing of Chinese characters by the students of Central Asia by means of a questionnaire survey, and on the basis of the previous studies. Some suggestions on the teaching of Chinese characters are put forward from the construction of Chinese characters to structural units (strokes and components). Finally, take the three characters Classic as an example to design the external Chinese character teaching. The author hopes that some of the views of this paper can be helpful to the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the future. This paper consists of five parts. The first chapter is to summarize the teaching of foreign Chinese characters. This paper introduces the present situation of Chinese character teaching and its status in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The second chapter is the knowledge of Chinese characters. Chinese characters are different from phonetic characters. They are ideographic characters. This chapter mainly introduces the characteristics and structure of Chinese characters, and focuses on the structural units of Chinese characters. The third chapter is to analyze the errors that appear when students write Chinese characters. The students of Central Asia have not come into contact with Chinese characters before. The fourth chapter is mainly about how to teach Chinese characters, this chapter is the focus of this paper. The teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries should be based on the teaching of strokes and components and be gradually extended to the teaching of single and combined characters. The teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries also involves certain Chinese culture, which is also an issue worth discussing. The fifth chapter is the practice part. According to my own practice experience and the actual situation of the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, the author designs a teaching plan in which the three characters Classic is taken as the teaching content.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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