从评价理论角度分析《战国策》中的冲突话语

发布时间：2018-05-13 20:23

本文选题：冲突话语 + 利益之争　；参考：《北京林业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：冲突话语是现实生活中不可避免的一种现象。它是由于交际双方感知到目标存在潜在不一致性而产生的十分复杂的语言现象。由于冲突话语受语境、社会地位、话语权力以及其它主观因素等的影响,因此面对冲突时如何利用各种资源有效地组织语言解决冲突具有十分重要的意义。本文试图探寻在《战国策》这种以利益争夺为主要目的论辩中,一方是如何利用评价资源使另一方改变原有态度,产生共鸣,从而达到说服对方的目的。利用评价理论来分析冲突话语为我们提供了一个新的角度来看待交际中的冲突现象和冲突解决的策略,从而有利于加深对冲突话语的理解。本文以评价理论为框架,按照冲突话语的属性,从《战国策》中收集40个成功解决冲突的案例。主要采用定性的研究方法,辅之以定量研究方法,运用标注工具Annotool对其进行标注,然后运用antconc软件统计评价资源的分布规律。通过分析发现,态度资源的分布主要以渗透型为主,积极和消极态度资源并用,以此表明说话者的中立态度；在评价性词汇的运用上,虽然显性态度资源占绝大多数,但是发起者并非说话者本人的显性态度资源所占比例明显较大,这表明说话者在避免明显的目的性的同时利用显性资源的强烈感染力和煽动力来达到说服的目的。判断和鉴赏手段,特别是判断资源的大量运用,把当时的意识形态和对方的心理结合起来,使其符合对方的价值和利益。介入资源的分布表明,通过引进其它声音,压缩性对话资源可以凸显自己的主张,使其更具说服力；扩张性对话资源利用其它声音,有利于增强话语的客观性和说服力。级差资源有效地凸显了说话者的情感,使情绪的表达更加有力,从而增强了话语的力度。
[Abstract]:Conflict discourse is an inevitable phenomenon in real life. It is a very complicated linguistic phenomenon caused by the perceived potential inconsistency between communicative parties. Because conflict discourse is influenced by context, social status, discourse power and other subjective factors, it is of great significance to use various resources to effectively organize language to resolve conflicts in the face of conflict. This paper attempts to explore how one party uses evaluation resources to make the other side change their original attitude and resonate with each other so as to achieve the purpose of persuading the other in the argument of "warring States Policy", which takes the contention of interests as the main purpose. The use of evaluation theory to analyze conflict discourse provides us with a new perspective on conflict phenomena and conflict resolution strategies in communication, which is conducive to a better understanding of conflict discourse. Based on the theory of evaluation, 40 cases of successful conflict resolution are collected from warring States Policy according to the attributes of conflict discourse. This paper mainly adopts the qualitative research method, supplemented by the quantitative research method, uses the label tool Annotool to label it, and then uses the antconc software to evaluate the distribution rule of the resources statistically. Through analysis, it is found that the distribution of attitude resources is mainly permeable, positive and negative attitude resources are used together to show the neutral attitude of the speaker, although dominant attitude resources are the majority in the use of evaluative vocabulary. But the proportion of dominant attitude resources of the initiator is obviously larger than that of the speaker himself, which indicates that the speaker can use the strong appeal and incitement of the dominant resource to achieve the purpose of persuasion while avoiding the obvious purposiveness. The extensive use of judgment and appreciation means, especially judgment resources, combines the ideology of the time with the psychology of the other side to make it conform to the value and interests of the other party. The distribution of intervention resources shows that by introducing other voices, compressed dialogue resources can highlight their claims and make them more persuasive, and the use of other voices by expansionary dialogue resources is conducive to enhancing the objectivity and persuasion of discourse. Differential resources effectively highlight the speaker's emotion, make the expression of emotion more powerful, and thus enhance the intensity of discourse.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H13

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