以“有一种A叫B”句式为例探析不同语义范畴的搭配

发布时间：2018-05-18 13:12

本文选题：词“有一种A叫B” + 非常规搭配　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：新兴的“有一种毒药叫爱情”之类的句式，从语义上分析属于概念性基础上的构式，但其构式整体语义功能却出现非范畴化变异，看似不合语法的句子，却是修辞用来超常加工的结果，如“有一种快乐叫低调”、“有一种智慧叫放弃”、“有一种伟大叫平凡”、“有一种自卑叫自信”、“有一种幸福叫忘记”，“快乐”与“低调”、“智慧”与“放弃”、“伟大”与“平凡”、“自卑”与“自信”等等，这些词语在常规的语法上是不能使用的，在进入构式中却可以被接受。在语义上分属不同范畴的词语进入构式达到完美结合，因此，本文便从这个角度出发，以“有一种A叫B”的句式为例，探析词语的非常规组合问题。首先，本文总结了“有一种A叫B”构式的结构特征。“有一种A叫B”的构式是兼语句，并且在这个构式中的A、B词语之间的搭配一定会受到词性、词义及语境的制约。在总结了A、B的词语性质之后，对A和B之间的关系选择进行了分类描写，我们认为A和B之间存在着B为A性质的具体描写、A和B之间是逻辑因果关系、A和B之间是相反相对的三个层面的关系。第二，本文总结了“有一种A叫B”构式的语义范畴，通过分析这种构式的A、B语义范畴、A、B之间的语义联系，以及词语义和构式义的比较等等，总结出“有一种A叫B”的兼语句结构义并不单一，并且在这种结构的内部也有很多复杂的语义关系。第三，本文总结了“有一种A叫B”的构式形成，认为这种构式义的形成离不开隐喻机制的作用。此外，通过前两章对“有一种A叫B”的构式格式和语义范畴的分析可知，在一定的语境下，A、B语义之间已经实现了语义融合。第四，本文总结了“有一种A叫B”构式的功能。我们认为“有一种A叫B”结构具有表达功能是可以充当文章的标题，这种构式的语用功能在于说话者意图用这种“有一种A叫B”的构式加强说话的语气，以加重说话者想要表达的事物特征或相似语义特征，，突破词语间的非限制性组合，去产生新的语用效果，让听话者去体会谈话之外的含义。
[Abstract]:The new sentence such as "there is a poison called love", semantically analyzes the construction that belongs to the conceptual basis, but its overall semantic function of construction appears to be non-categorization variation, seemingly ungrammatical sentences. But it is the result of rhetorical superfluous processing, such as "there is a kind of happiness called low profile", "there is a kind of wisdom called giving up", "there is a kind of greatness is called ordinary", "there is a kind of inferiority complex called self-confidence", "there is a kind of happiness is called forget", "Happy" and "low-key", "wisdom" and "give up", "great" and "ordinary", "inferiority" and "confidence", etc. The entry construction of words belonging to different categories in semantics has reached a perfect combination. Therefore, from this point of view, this paper analyzes the unconventional combination of words by taking the sentence pattern of "there is a kind of A called B" as an example. First of all, this paper summarizes the structural characteristics of "there is a kind of A-called B" construction. The construction of "there is a kind of A called B" is a concurrent sentence, and the collocation between the words "A" and "B" in this construction is bound to be restricted by part of speech, meaning and context. After summing up the nature of the words and expressions, the relationship between A and B is classified and described. We think that there exists a specific description between A and B that B is A property. The relationship between A and B is logical causality and A and B are opposite and opposite to each other. Secondly, this paper summarizes the semantic category of "there is a kind of A called B" construction, and by analyzing the semantic relation between the constructed A and B semantic category, as well as the comparison between the word meaning and the construction meaning, etc. It is concluded that "there is a kind of A called B" is not single, and there are a lot of complex semantic relations in the structure. Thirdly, this paper summarizes the formation of "there is a kind of A called B", and holds that the formation of this kind of construction can not be separated from the function of metaphor mechanism. In addition, through the analysis of the construction format and semantic category of "there is a kind of A called B" in the first two chapters, we can see that in a certain context, semantic fusion has been realized between the semantics of "A" and "A". Fourth, this paper summarizes the function of A-called B-construction. We think that "there is a kind of A called B" structure with the function of expression can be used as the title of the article, the pragmatic function of this construction is that the speaker intends to strengthen the tone of the speech with this kind of "A called B" construction. In order to accentuate the characteristics of things or similar semantic features the speaker wants to express break through the unrestrictive combination of words to produce new pragmatic effects and let the hearer understand the meaning outside the conversation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146.3

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