电视新闻主播言语语音修辞特征研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 01:38

本文选题：修辞分析 + 语调　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文是从语音修辞角度来描述中国电视新闻主持语言的语音特征。进行修辞分析时我们参考俄罗斯学者的论证以及句法、词汇、语调和语境的相互关系。在论文中我们采用听觉方法（hearing analysis）和比较研究法进行分析，其中听觉方法包括统计分析法和修辞分析法，比较研究法则将电视新闻节目的录音作为调查的资料。本论文就选题的研究现状、研究的目的与意义、研究的创新与不足、电视新闻语言调查、新闻节目的分类等方面进行了分析。我们按照俄罗斯语音修辞学概念对电视新闻进行了分析。我们摘录了一段时长为20分钟左右的新闻录音，然后把这段录音刻录在碟子上，分析播音员是如何发音，播音员如何正确划分段落和在语句中进行停顿，如何对调型和调型中心进行正确判断，如何掌握语速。我们按照4种题材对新闻信息进行了对比分析，，即国内时政新闻、国际新闻、地方新闻、娱乐文化新闻. 从分析中我们得出结论：国内时政新闻的结构通常由导语和主体部分组成，在导语中主语通常用列举的同等成分和语段成分来体现，语段平均长度为8个音节；在国家政府新闻里基本语段占据主动地位，关键词通常由语势起伏变化来强调；与国内时政新闻相比国际新闻，地方新闻，与娱乐文化新闻采用各类的处理语调方式，此特征使播报风格更加个性化。我们还从语段划分、停顿、语速和音量的大小等四个方面对播音语言进行了详细的分析，分析他们的语势起伏变化及关系特征。经过分析我们得出结论：影响播音员语速的因素是语段平均长度数值、节奏变化、播音员个人的特征等。通过对俄罗斯和中国播音员语言的研究和对比，可以得出以下结论：俄罗斯播音语言属于通讯公众音体，中文播音员语言属于陈述语体。最近俄罗斯与汉语语言学家都发现了在播音语言中出现的明显的变化，这个变化就是“口语化”。在中文播音语言中口语化的特征是在句子结构得到体现，它使了解新闻内容的过程更容易；在俄文播音语言中口语化不仅在结构体现而且在语音系统中也体现出来。从发音和新闻分析两个方面对中国播音员语言进行分析后我们发现中国播音员语言更加侧重于题材，而在俄语学科中新闻的题材的题目并不是本质的问题。在俄语播音员语言里从语调层面来看新闻报道的组成部分是对立的，比方说俄罗斯专家划分出导语基本逻辑形式并在结尾中通常采用较短语段来作为区分子主题的信号，在中国播音语言里从语段划分来说导语、主体和结尾之间没有什么明显差异。此外，本论文中我们还介绍了电视新闻主持语言的语音特征及对对外汉语新闻课教学的影响。我们通过电视新闻的教学，提高了学生的阅读、口语、听力、发音等的综合语言掌握能力，帮助他们更好的学习汉语。
[Abstract]:This thesis describes the phonological features of the host language of Chinese TV news from the perspective of phonetic rhetoric. In rhetorical analysis, we refer to the arguments of Russian scholars and the relationship between syntax, vocabulary, intonation and context. In this paper, we use hearing analysis method and comparative research method to analyze, including statistical analysis and rhetoric analysis. The comparative study rules take the recording of TV news programs as the data of investigation. This paper analyzes the research status, the purpose and significance, the innovation and deficiency of the research, the investigation of TV news language, the classification of news programs and so on. We analyze TV news according to the concept of Russian phonetic rhetoric. We took an excerpt of a news recording that lasted about 20 minutes, and then burned it on a dish to analyze how the announcer pronounced it, how the announcer divided the paragraphs correctly, and how he paused in the statement. How to adjust and adjust the center of the correct judgment, how to master the speed. According to four kinds of subjects, we compare and analyze the news information, that is, domestic political news, international news, local news, entertainment cultural news. From the analysis, we draw a conclusion: the structure of domestic political news is usually composed of the introduction and the main part, the subject in the introduction is usually reflected by the same component and the paragraph element, the average length of the paragraph is 8 syllables; In national government news, the basic language plays an active role, and the key words are usually emphasized by the ups and downs of the language. Compared with the domestic political news, the international news, the local news, and the entertainment cultural news, they adopt various ways of dealing with intonation. This feature makes the broadcast style more personalized. We also make a detailed analysis of broadcasting language from four aspects: segment division, pause, speed and volume, and analyze their fluctuation and relationship. After analysis, we draw the conclusion that the factors influencing the speaker's speaking speed are the average length of the segment, the rhythm change, the individual characteristics of the announcer, and so on. Through the study and comparison of the Russian and Chinese broadcasters' languages, the following conclusions can be drawn: the Russian broadcasting language belongs to the public communication style, and the Chinese broadcaster language belongs to the declarative style. Russian and Chinese linguists have recently discovered a significant change in the broadcast language, known as colloquialization. The feature of colloquialization in Chinese broadcasting language is that it is embodied in sentence structure, which makes it easier to understand news content. In Russian broadcast language, colloquialization is embodied not only in structure but also in phonetic system. After analyzing the Chinese broadcasters' language from the aspects of pronunciation and news analysis, we find that the Chinese broadcasters' language is more focused on the subject matter, but the topic of the news is not the essential problem in the Russian subject. In Russian broadcasters' languages, the components of news reporting at the intonation level are opposed. For example, Russian experts divide the basic logical forms of the introductory words and usually use shorter language segments at the end as signals on the topic of the regional elements. In Chinese broadcasting language, there is no obvious difference between the subject and the ending. In addition, we also introduce the phonological features of TV news hosting language and its influence on the teaching of news as a foreign language. Through the teaching of TV news, we improve students' comprehensive language proficiency in reading, speaking, listening and pronunciation, and help them learn Chinese better.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15

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