交替口译中文化缺省的关联理论阐释

发布时间：2018-05-19 11:05

本文选题：关联理论 + 文化缺省　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在关联理论视角下,探讨了交替口译中的文化缺省现象及其处理机制。文化缺省是指说话人对其意向听众共有的相关文化背景知识的省略,缺省信息的补充是通过说话人的意向听众恢复其记忆图式中的相关文化信息,填充缺省空位,获得交际意义。文化缺省是口译交际中不可避免的现象,但在口译交际中,由于原语说话人和目的语听众之间的认知环境不同,文化缺省所暗含的信息意图就很难被目的语听众所识别,进而影响交际质量。因此,加强对口译中文化缺省现象的研究具有重要的现实意义、理论意义和文化意义。从现实层面来讲,文化缺省的正确处理,对会议中说话人真实意图的传递起着十分重要的作用,影响着会议交际的质量。从理论层面来讲,文化缺省现象的关联理论阐释,可以进一步论证关联理论对文化缺省现象的解释力。从文化层面来讲,文化缺省的正确翻译对跨语言文化传播具有重要作用。关联理论(SperberWilson1986/1995)关注的核心是语言的交际与认知,旨在解决交际中的两个问题：交际什么和如何交际。与传统代码交际模式不同,关联理论指出交际是一个明示-推理(ostensive-inferential)的过程,明示是说话人的交际行为,推理是听话人的交际行为,二者统一于同一个交际过程,交际方式甚至比交际内容更重要。口译作为一种跨语言文化的交际行为,包含翻译什么和如何翻译两个核心问题。因此,旨在解释人类交际行为的关联理论可以为口译研究提供有力的理论框架。在西方,Gutt首次将关联理论应用于翻译研究,并指出关联理论自身就足以建构一个普遍的翻译理论研究模式。在国内,何自然,赵彦春,李占喜,王建国等都从关联理论视角对翻译中的不同问题进行了探讨,并指出关联理论对翻译具有强大的解释力。在关联理论视角下,学者们认为口译过程涉及两轮交际活动：第一轮由原语说话人与原语意向听众(包括译员)构成；第二轮由译员与目标语听众构成,译者以不同的角色参与了两轮交际活动。因此,理想的忠实口译就是：第二轮交际要在各个方面都忠实于第一轮交际,即第二轮交际既要忠实于第一轮交际的内容还要忠实于第一轮交际的方式。这就突破了传统翻译理论总是追求单一层面的“语义对等”或者“功能对等”,而忽视了诸如交际方式,交际双方的认知环境差异,意义的多元性等因素。本文基于关联理论的核心观点及其相关研究成果,运用理论推演,对比分析,案例剖析等方法,重点阐释了交替口译中的文化缺省现象及其处理机制。研究过程如下：第一章提出了论文的研究问题,说明了研究方法,论述了本研究的现实意义,理论意义及文化意义。第二章概括了国内外目前对关联翻译理论及口译中文化缺省现象的研究现状,分析指出了前人的研究成果和研究不足。第三章介绍了关联理论的核心观点,论述了关联理论对口译的解释力,指出口译过程涉及两轮明示-推理的交际过程。口译忠实就要求：第二轮交际既要忠实第一轮交际的内容还要忠实第一轮交际的方式。第四章解释了文化缺省的概念,形成机制与语篇功能。并从关联理论视角阐释了文化缺省的合理性,可译性,及文化缺省口译的制约因素。然后在王建国推理空间等距原则的指导下,提出了文化缺省口译的基本策略及技巧。最后,本文对温家宝记者招待会中文化缺省现象的口译案例进行了分析评述。第五章总结了本文的研究结论,研究不足,对进一步研究的建议。通过分析论述,本文认为：关联理论对口译交际中文化缺省现象的处理具有较强的解释力；王建国的推理空间等距原则可以作为衡量交替口译忠实的最佳依据；直接翻译法和间接翻译法对交替口中文化缺省的处理具有有效的指导作用。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of relevance theory, this paper discusses the cultural default and its processing mechanism in alternate interpretation. Cultural default refers to the ellipsis of the related cultural background knowledge shared by the speaker on its intended audience. The supplement of the default information is to restore the related cultural information in the memristor through the speaker's intended audience and fill in the vacant space. Cultural default is an unavoidable phenomenon in interpretation communication. However, in interpretation communication, because of the different cognitive environment between the speaker and the target audience, the information intention implied by the cultural default is difficult to be identified by the audience of the target language, and thus affects the quality of communication. Therefore, the cultural default in interpretation is strengthened. The study of the phenomenon has important practical significance, theoretical significance and cultural significance. From the realistic level, the correct treatment of cultural default plays a very important role in the transfer of the true intention of the speaker in the conference and affects the quality of the conference communication. From the theoretical level, the interpretation of the relevance theory of cultural default can be further explained. It is argued that the correct interpretation of cultural default plays an important role in cross-cultural communication from a cultural perspective.
The core of Relevance Theory (SperberWilson1986/1995) is the communication and cognition of language, which aims to solve two problems in communication: what and how to communicate. Different from the traditional code communication model, relevance theory points out that communication is a process of ostensive-inferential, which shows the communicative behavior and reasoning of the speaker. It is the communicative action of the listener, the two are unified in the same communication process, and the communicative approach is even more important than the communicative content. As a cross language culture, interpretation is a communicative act, including the two core issues of translation and how to translate. In the west, in the west, Gutt applies relevance theory to translation studies for the first time, and points out that relevance theory itself is sufficient to construct a universal model of translation theory. In China, Zhao Yanchun, Li Zhanxi and Wang Jianguo all discuss the different problems in translation from the perspective of relevance theory, and point out that relevance theory is turned over. Translation has strong explanatory power. In the perspective of relevance theory, scholars believe that the process of interpretation involves two kinds of communicative activities: the first round is composed of the original speaker and the original target audience (including the interpreter); the second round is composed of the interpreter and the target audience, and the translator participates in two rounds of communicative activities with different roles. Therefore, the ideal faithful mouth is an ideal one. The second round of communication is to be faithful to the first round of communication in all aspects, that is, the second round of communication should be faithful to the content of the first round of communication and the way of the first round of communication. This breaks through the traditional translation theory that always seeks the single level of "semantic equivalence" or "functional equivalence", and ignores such communication as communication. Mode, the cognitive environment differences between the two sides, the diversity of meaning and other factors.
Based on the core views of relevance theory and its related research results, this paper uses theoretical deduction, comparative analysis, case analysis and other methods, focusing on the cultural default in the alternate interpretation and its processing mechanism. The following research process is as follows:
The first chapter puts forward the research problems of the thesis, illustrates the research methods, expounds the practical significance, theoretical significance and cultural significance of this study. The second chapter summarizes the current research status on the theory of relevance translation and cultural default in interpretation at home and abroad, and points out the shortcomings of previous research and research. The third chapter introduces the key points of the study. The core view of the theory of association discusses the explanatory power of relevance theory to interpretation, and points out that the process of interpretation involves two rounds of ostensive inferential communication. Faithfulness in interpretation requires that the second round of communication should be faithful to the content of the first round of communication and the way of the first round of communication. The fourth chapter interpreters the concept of cultural default and forms the mechanism and language. From the perspective of relevance theory, it explains the rationality of cultural default, translatability, and the restrictive factors of cultural default interpretation. Then, under the guidance of Wang Jianguo's spatial isometric principle, the basic strategies and techniques of cultural default interpretation are put forward. Finally, the interpretation of cultural default in Wen Jiabao press conference is a case of interpretation. The fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this study, research limitations and suggestions for further research.
Through the analysis, this paper holds that relevance theory has a strong explanatory power for the treatment of cultural default in interpretation communication; Wang Jianguo's reasoning space isometric principle can be used as the best basis for measuring the faithfulness of alternate interpretation, and direct translation and indirect translation have effective guidance on the treatment of cultural default in the alternate mouth. Effect.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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