中级汉语水平留学生形声字认读策略实证研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 07:53

本文选题：形声字 + 声符表音意识　；参考：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：形声字的声符读音可为整字读音提供语音线索，留学生能够利用此线索学习、记忆形声字字音，并形成认读策略。研究留学生使用的形声字认读策略，有助于教师指导留学生使用适当的策略认读形声字，从而推动其汉字学习。本研究通过形声字认读实验，考察中级汉语水平留学生形声字认读的主要影响因素，其形声字认读策略及其发展程度，并尝试根据研究结果提出针对形声字的教学建议。研究包括两个实验，变量为形声字熟悉度、声符熟悉度、声符表音程度及被试母语背景，语料为100个选自《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》的形声字，被试均为中级汉语水平留学生，来自汉字文化圈及非汉字文化圈国家的人数相同。实验采用纸笔测试，被试需在规定时间内写出形声字的读音。研究结果证实：（1）声符表音程度、形声字熟悉度均对中级汉语水平留学生形声字认读有显著影响，并且二者交互作用显著，说明中级汉语水平留学生已具有利用声符读音推断整字读音的意识。（2）成字声符的字频对形声字认读有显著影响，，含低频成字声符的形声字认读正确率较高，说明成字声符的读音对整字认读产生干扰作用。（3）留学生在认读形声字时普遍利用声符读音及同家族字读音获得整字读音，对声符读音的利用更为普遍。使用这两种策略而产生的认读错误较多，说明留学生的策略应用还处在初级阶段，尚不能对声符的表音规律进行有意识的归纳。（4）母语背景只对认读正确率有显著影响，说明母语背景只影响留学生的识字量，对其声符意识及认读策略的发展程度没有显著影响。
[Abstract]:The phonetic symbol of phonetic characters can provide phonetic clues for the whole pronunciation, which can be used by foreign students to learn, memorize phonetic sounds, and to form recognition strategies. The study of phonetic recognition strategies used by foreign students is helpful for teachers to guide foreign students to use appropriate strategies to recognize phonetic characters and thus promote their learning of Chinese characters. Based on the experiment of recognition of phonetic characters, this study investigates the main factors affecting the recognition of pictophonetic characters, the strategies of recognition of pictophonetic characters and their development degree, and tries to put forward some teaching suggestions for pictophonetic characters according to the results of the study. The study included two experiments. The variables were the familiarity of phonetic characters, the phonetic level of phonetic symbols and the background of the subjects' mother tongue, and 100 phonetic characters were selected from the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters. The subjects were all middle level Chinese students, and the number of students from Chinese culture circle and non-Chinese character culture circle were the same. The paper-pen test was used. The subjects were required to write the pronunciation of phonetic characters within the specified time. The results show that the degree of phonetic symbols and the familiarity of phonetic characters have significant effects on the recognition of phonetic characters of international students of intermediate Chinese level, and the interaction between them is significant. It shows that the middle level Chinese students already have the consciousness of inferring the whole character pronunciation by using the sound symbol pronunciation. The frequency of the character has a significant influence on the recognition of the phonetic character, and the correct rate of the recognition of the phonetic character with the low frequency character is higher than that of the one with the low frequency phonetic character. It is shown that the pronunciation of the character interferes with the recognition of the whole character. 3) in the process of recognizing the phonetic character, the students generally use the sound symbol pronunciation and the pronunciation of the same family word to get the whole word pronunciation, and the use of the sound symbol pronunciation is more common. The use of these two strategies has resulted in a large number of reading errors, indicating that the strategy application of foreign students is still in the initial stage, and it is not yet possible to consciously induce the pattern of phonetic characters. 4) the mother tongue background only has a significant effect on the correct recognition rate. It shows that the background of mother tongue only affects the foreign students' literacy, but has no significant effect on their phonetic awareness and the development of reading strategies.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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