定中标记“的”与“之”的韵律效应对比探析

发布时间：2018-05-22 14:05

本文选题：定中标记 + 优势组配　；参考：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：定中标记“的”与“之”都是汉语中出现频率很高的结构助词。其中,前者在现代汉语中的基本功用是当定语,用在定中短语的修饰语与中心语之间的一个辅助性连接成分；而后者是从古代汉语中遗留下来,带有一定文言色彩的特殊结构助词,也主要用于定中短语。虽然“的”与“之”具有相同的语法功能,但是它们之间仍存在较大的差异,在相同句法环境中呈现出互补分布：前附助词“的”的使用较为自由,适用于各种文体和场合,且后面多跟双音节中心语；后附助词“之”的使用则受到一定的限制,适用于比较文雅的语体,且后面多跟单音节中心语。同时,“的”与“之”各自的中心语分析中都存在括号悖论,即句法结构和语音结构之间具有不一致性。本文在前人研究基础上对定中标记“的”与“之”进行对比考察,在广泛搜集语料的前提下,揭示两者在句法结构和语音结构之间存在括号悖论,以及不同的黏附方向和语体差异所造成的不同韵律效应,并最终尝试运用汉语韵律语法理论解释这种语言现象。全文共包括四个部分：第一部分：明确研究对象和意义,主要概括定中标记“的”与“之”的相关研究现状,对思路、方法和语料来源作出说明。第二部分：主要考察定中标记“的”与双音节中心语的优势组配,包括中心语为固化词、中心语前有修饰语,并兼顾考察“的”与单音节中心语的自由组配和非自由组配、“的”与多音节专名短语和成语的搭配情况。最后揭示“的”字短语中心语分析存在括号悖论。第三部分：主要考察定中标记“之”与单音节中心语的优势组配,包括“之”字构成的非标准四字格、“之X”词汇化的不同层级,并兼顾考察“之”与双音节中心语的搭配情况、“之”在“非白不文”文体中与多音节中心语的搭配情况。最后揭示“之”字短语中心语分析存在括号悖论。第四部分：在前文语言现象描写的基础上,揭示定中标记“的”与“之”由于不同的黏附方向造成了不同的韵律性质和韵律结构,即“的”在句法结构上后附而在语音结构上前附,“之”在句法结构上前附而在语音结构上后附；正是由于不同的黏附方向和语体差异,“的”后多跟双音节中心语而“之”后多跟单音节中心语。最后,文章考察在相同韵律环境中“的”、“之”可替换时表现出的语用价值的差异。
[Abstract]:The "and" of the centroid mark are both structural auxiliaries with high frequency in Chinese. Among them, the basic skill of the former in modern Chinese is an auxiliary link between the modifier and the head of the fixed Chinese phrase, while the latter is left over from the ancient Chinese. Special structural auxiliaries with a certain classical Chinese color are also mainly used for middle phrases. Although they have the same grammatical functions, there are still great differences between them, and there is a complementary distribution in the same syntactic environment: the auxiliary words are used more freely and can be used in various styles and situations. The use of the auxiliary word "Zhi" is restricted, which is suitable for the more elegant style and followed by the monosyllabic central language. At the same time, there is a contradiction between the syntactic structure and the phonetic structure in the analysis of their respective central words. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a contrastive study on the "and" of the central marker, and reveals the existence of parenthesis paradox between the syntactic structure and the phonetic structure under the premise of extensive data collection. And the different prosodic effects caused by different adhesion directions and stylistic differences, and finally try to use Chinese prosodic grammar theory to explain this linguistic phenomenon. The thesis consists of four parts: The first part: make clear the research object and significance, mainly generalize the related research status of "and", explain the ideas, methods and the source of the corpus. In the second part, the author mainly studies the advantage combination of "centroid" and "disyllabic center", including that the central word is a solidified word, that there is a modifier before the central word, and that "the centrogram" has a free combination with the monosyllabic central word and a non-free combination with the monosyllabic center. Collocation with polysyllabic proper name phrases and idioms. Finally, it is revealed that there is a parenthesis paradox in the analysis of the central word phrase. The third part mainly studies the advantage combination of the central marker "s" and the monosyllabic center, including the non-standard four-character case of "Zhi", the different levels of "X" lexicalization. It also investigates the collocation of "Zhi" with dicyllabic head and the collocation of polysyllabic core in "non-white intext". Finally, it is revealed that there is a parenthesis paradox in the analysis of the "Zhi" word phrase. The fourth part: on the basis of the description of the phenomena in the preceding language, it is revealed that the "and" in the middle mark have different prosodic properties and prosodic structures due to different adhesion directions. That is, the syntactic structure is appended to the syntactic structure, the phonetic structure is attached to the syntactic structure, and the phonetic structure is followed by the syntactic structure. It follows the double syllable center and the monosyllabic center. Finally, the paper examines the differences in pragmatic values when the "," and "the" can be replaced in the same prosodic environment.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

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