语用预设视角下的言语幽默探析

发布时间：2018-05-24 17:57

本文选题：言语幽默 + 语用预设　；参考：《西南财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：幽默广泛地存在于人们的日常生活中。人们对于幽默的研究涵盖了各种领域,比如哲学,心理学,社会学,文学,医学,人类学等。直到20世纪70年代,语言学才在对幽默的研究领域中占据重要位置。语言,面部表情,身体移动等多种形式都能制造幽默,但本文只集中对言语幽默进行研究.传统的幽默理论包括优越论,释放轮和乖讹论,现代研究理论包括“脚本”理论,幽默的语义脚本理论和言语幽默的一般理论。预设是语言学中的一个重要理论,它主要包括语义预设和语用预设。语义预设强调句中逻辑关系和真值研究,语用预设强调句子与其语境的关系的研究。语境包括很多因素,比如说话者,听话者,背景信息,常识,共享信息等。本文主要着力于语用预设范围,也就是说,主要从语用预设的角度对言语幽默进行剖析。它借助Victor Raskin提出的幽默的语义脚本理论,引出“预设脚本”概念并贯穿整个分析过程。除此之外,作者引出了另外两个概念：语境脚本和常识脚本。通过对大量幽默实例的分析,作者发现大多数幽默产生于预设脚本与预设脚本的不一致,预设脚本与语境脚本的不一致和预设脚本与常识脚本的不一致,尤其是两个预设脚本的不一致。在上述理论框架下,本文从预设的四个维度对言语幽默进行分析,包括预设的种类,预设的特点,预设的使用和影响预设创造幽默的因素。大量的幽默实例被用着语料,以图对预设触发幽默的各个角度进行证明和解释。所有的探讨都致力于言语幽默内在生成机制的解读。
[Abstract]:Humor widely exists in people's daily life. People's research on humor covers a variety of fields, such as philosophy, psychology, sociology, literature, medicine, anthropology, etc. until 1970s, linguistics occupies an important position in the field of humour. Language, facial expression, body movement and so on can be made in a variety of forms. Humour, but this article only focuses on the study of verbal humor. The traditional humor theory includes the theory of superiority, the release wheel and the incongruity theory, the modern research theory includes the "script" theory, the humorous semantic scripting theory and the general theory of verbal humor.
Presupposition is an important theory in linguistics. It mainly includes semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition. Semantic presupposition emphasizes the study of logical relations and true values in sentences. Pragmatic presupposition emphasizes the study of the relationship between sentences and their context. The context includes many factors, such as speakers, listeners, background information, common sense, sharing information, etc. This article focuses on this paper. In the range of pragmatic presupposition, that is, the analysis of verbal humor mainly from the perspective of pragmatic presupposition. It draws up the concept of "Presupposition script" and runs through the whole analysis process with the help of the humorous semantic scripting theory proposed by Victor Raskin. In addition, the author leads out two other concepts: context script and common sense script. In the analysis of humorous examples, the author finds that most humor comes from the inconsistency of presupposed scripts and presupposed scripts, the inconsistency of presupposed scripts and contextual scripts, and the inconsistency of presupposed scripts and common sense scripts, especially the inconsistencies between the two presupposed scripts.
Under the above theoretical framework, this paper analyzes verbal humor from four presupposed dimensions, including the type of presupposition, the characteristics of presupposition, the use of presupposition and the influence of presupposition to create humour. A large number of humour examples are used to prove and explain the various angles of presupposition to trigger humor. All the discussions are devoted to the discussion. The interpretation of the inherent mechanism of verbal humor.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H030

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