英汉动物名词名词动用研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 23:31

本文选题：动物名词 + 名词动用　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：名词动用作为一种复杂的语言现象，指的是原为名词的词被使用为动词。名词动用在我们的日常生活中极为普遍，而前人也从语音、词汇、句法、语用、语义等各语言学主流分支对名词动用进行了深入分析。但是，目前为止的研究均把理论研究基于随机挑选的例证，而非对某一小类名词在名词动用后所体现出的特征进行集中分析。基于前人的研究，本文将采用语料库研究的方法，收集英汉动物名词名词动用现象例证，从对比的角度对英汉名词动用现象进行研究。本文首先对国内外名词动用现象进行简要综述并给出评论，其次对收集到的动物名词名词动用实际使用案例进行分类，最后在分类的基础上，对各类别词频、特殊搭配和构词方式、汉语历时变化、用法消失原因及名动转换意义承接范式等特殊现象进行分析。本文认为英汉动物名词名词动用虽种类繁多、差异较大，但主要均可分为以下七类：对动物主体实施某一动作；接受来自动物主体的某一动作；役使动物主体实施某一动作；模仿动物主体实施某一动作的方式或特征而实施某一动作；模仿动物主体的某一生理（尤为外表）特征；产出该动物物种的幼崽；该动物主体在民俗文化中的形象。在英语发展的最近几百年里，英语中的动物名词名词动用现象保持较为稳定的状况而且种类俱全。相比较而言，汉语中的动物名词名词动用则较少，虽然其覆盖的种类依然较多。而从古至今，汉语的动物名词名词动用现象也发生了较大变化。通过词频分析本文发现，英汉主要的动物名词名词动用类别保持一致。而在用法消失和名动转换意义承接方面，，英汉例证也体现出较大共性。
[Abstract]:As a complex linguistic phenomenon, noun use refers to the use of nouns as verbs. The use of nouns is very common in our daily life, and the previous generations have made an in-depth analysis of the use of nouns from the main branches of linguistics, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax, pragmatics, semantics and so on. However, so far, the theoretical research is based on the examples of random selection, rather than a centralized analysis of the characteristics of a small category of nouns after the use of nouns. Based on the previous studies, this paper will use the method of corpus research to collect examples of animal noun use in English and Chinese, and to study the phenomenon of the use of English and Chinese nouns from a comparative point of view. In this paper, the phenomenon of noun usage at home and abroad is briefly summarized and commented. Secondly, the actual use of animal nouns is classified. Finally, on the basis of classification, the frequency of each category is analyzed. Special collocations and word-formation patterns, diachronic changes in Chinese, reasons for the disappearance of usage and transformation paradigm of nominal-verb meaning are analyzed. Although there are many kinds of animal nouns in English and Chinese, they can be divided into the following seven categories: to carry out a certain action on the animal subject, to accept a certain action from the animal subject, to make the animal subject carry out a certain action; To carry out an action by imitating the manner or characteristic of an action by an animal subject; mimicking a physiological (especially physical) feature of an animal subject; producing the cub of the animal species; and the image of the animal subject in a folk culture. In the last few hundred years, the use of animal nouns in English has remained stable and varied. In contrast, the use of animal nouns in Chinese is relatively small, although it still covers a large number of species. Since ancient times, the use of animal nouns in Chinese has also changed greatly. Through word frequency analysis, it is found that the main animal noun use categories in English and Chinese are consistent. On the other hand, both English and Chinese examples also show great commonness in the aspects of usage disappearance and noun-verb transformation.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H314;H146

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