认知视角下间接言语行为的转喻研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 08:22

本文选题：间接言语行为 + 转喻　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：言语行为的研究一直是语用学的一个中心问题。长期以来，对言语行为，特别是对间接言语行为的生成与理解引起了语用学家的普遍关注。传统的语用学理论研究在解释间接言语行为方面遗留下了一些未能解决得问题，没能对其做出一个令人满意的解释，因此亟待进一步的改进。这些理论没有对为什么听话人进行语用推理的速度会如此迅速，并且能毫不费力地理解说话人的意图做出令人满意的解释。同时，这些理论也没有系统地说明解释间接言语行为所涉及的具体推理模式和认知理据。随着认知语言学的发展，越来越多的认知语言学家认为应该从认知的视角来研究和解释间接言语行为。Thornburg and Panther (1997)提出了言语行为转喻理论。认知语言学里的转喻是指在同一理想化认知模型（ICM）中，，源域为目标域提供心理通道的一种概念现象和认知过程。本文主要试着从认知的角度，运用Thornburg and Panther的言语行为转喻理论对间接言语行为进行了分析与解释。根据他们两位学者的观点，概念转喻对间接地实施言语行为是有帮助的。在一个言语行为脚本里共有三个组成部分或是阶段：前段，核心段/结果段，后段。这三个组成部分里的任一成分都具有潜在的能力来转喻地“代替”或者“指向”整个言语行为脚本。具有转喻功能的一些关系，比如：整体与部分，原因与结果，能力与行动等有助于会话人的推理进程，并对间接言语行为的理解具有重大意义。间接言语行为可分为规约化间接言语行为和非规约化间接言语行为。本文阐述了规约化的间接言语行与其相对应的直接言语行为以及非规约化间接言语行为的区别，并且探讨了言语行为转喻理论对理解它们所起的重要作用。言语行为转喻理论为间接言语行为的理解及其语用推理提供认知理据。虽然言语行为转喻理论较传统的语用学理论而言是一个非常具有可行性和说服力的理论，它为间接言语行为的分析提供了一种新思路。但是该理论也不是没有缺陷的。因此，该理论必须要考虑到一些语用参数，那就是要在更具科学性和解释力的命题理想化认知模式（Propositional ICM）下来分析间接言语行为。通过该认知模式，不同类型的间接指令类言语行为以及不同种类的间接请求可以被区分开来，这表明命题理想化认知模式是对言语行为转喻理论的进一步完善，因而具有重要研究意义。本文作者试着将该模式应用于会话对比分析并证实了这一观点。
[Abstract]:The study of speech acts has always been a central issue in pragmatics. For a long time, the generation and understanding of speech acts, especially indirect speech acts, has attracted the general attention of pragmatics. Traditional pragmatic studies have left some unsolved problems in the interpretation of indirect speech acts and failed to make a satisfactory explanation for them. Therefore, further improvement is urgently needed. These theories do not give a satisfactory explanation as to why the hearer can reason pragmatically so quickly and can easily understand the speaker's intention. At the same time, these theories do not systematically explain the specific reasoning model and cognitive motivation involved in the interpretation of indirect speech acts. With the development of cognitive linguistics, more and more cognitive linguists think that the theory of speech act metonymy should be studied and explained from the perspective of cognition. Thornburg and Panther / 1997). Metonymy in cognitive linguistics refers to a conceptual phenomenon and a cognitive process in which the source domain provides the psychological channel for the target domain in the same idealized cognitive model (ICM). This paper attempts to analyze and explain indirect speech acts by using Thornburg and Panther's speech act metonymy theory from a cognitive perspective. According to their two scholars, conceptual metonymy is helpful to indirectly implement speech acts. There are three components or stages in a speech act script: the front, the core / the result, and the later. Each of these three components has the potential to metaphorically "replace" or "point" the entire speech act script. Some relationships with metonymy, such as whole and part, cause and result, ability and action, are helpful to the inference process of conversational person, and the understanding of indirect speech act is of great significance. Indirect speech acts can be divided into regulated indirect speech acts and unregulated indirect speech acts. This paper expounds the difference between the direct speech act and the unregulated indirect speech act of the regulated indirect speech line, and discusses the important role of the speech act metonymy theory in understanding them. The theory of speech act metonymy provides cognitive motivation for the understanding of indirect speech act and its pragmatic reasoning. Although the theory of speech act metonymy is more feasible and persuasive than the traditional pragmatic theory, it provides a new way of thinking for the analysis of indirect speech acts. But the theory is not without defects. Therefore, the theory must take into account some pragmatic parameters, that is, to analyze indirect speech acts in a more scientific and interpretive proposition idealized cognitive model (Propositional ICM). Through this cognitive model, different types of indirect directive speech acts and different types of indirect requests can be distinguished, which indicates that the proposition idealized cognitive model is a further improvement to the speech act metonymy theory. Therefore, it is of great significance to study. The author tries to apply this pattern to conversational contrastive analysis and confirms this view.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H05

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