句式的应用价值初探

发布时间：2018-06-09 01:08

本文选题：语用价值 + 使用价值　；参考：《汉语学习》2011年05期

【摘要】：任何句式都有一定的语用价值(包含使用价值和应用价值)。句式的"使用价值"是静态句式固有的句式义,是句式的本质属性;句式对语旨和语境的适用性以及语旨和语境对句式的选择性都是句式的"应用价值",即句式的应用属性。本文着重探讨句式的应用价值,认为使用价值对应用价值有影响,是应用价值的基础,并以表达"存在"关系的几种句式为例,说明语义结构相同的有变换关系的不同静态句式的使用价值会直接影响到句式在动态话语里的应用价值。此外,本文认为语旨对句式有选择性,语旨是言者的表述"意旨"(包括表述内容、表述目的、表述情态、表述视角等),语旨与句式的应用价值的关系表现在语旨对句式有选择性。语境对句式也有选择性,广义的语境包括句内语境(句内成分的特点和多寡等)和句外语境(对话、上下文、特定语体、现场场景、其他背景等)。
[Abstract]:Any sentence structure has certain pragmatic value (including use value and application value). The "use value" of the sentence pattern is the inherent meaning of the static sentence pattern and the essential attribute of the sentence pattern, and the applicability of the sentence pattern to the tenor and the context, and the choice of the tenor and the context to the sentence pattern are all the "applied value" of the sentence pattern, that is, the applied attribute of the sentence pattern. This paper mainly discusses the applied value of sentence structure, and holds that the use value has an influence on the applied value, which is the basis of the applied value, and takes several sentence patterns to express the "existence" relation as an example. It is shown that the use value of different static sentence patterns with the same semantic structure and the same transformation relationship will directly affect the application value of sentence patterns in dynamic discourse. In addition, this paper holds that tenor is selective to sentence structure, and tenor is the "meaning" of the speaker's expression (including the content, the purpose, the mode of expression). The relationship between tenor and the applied value of sentence structure is manifested in the choice of tenor and sentence pattern. Context is also selective in sentence structure. The broad context includes the intra-sentence context (the characteristics and quantity of the intra-sentence components) and the extra-sentence context (dialogue, context, specific language style, scene, other backgrounds, etc.).
【作者单位】：复旦大学中文系;
【分类号】：H146.3

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