“有VP”句式研究及其教学探讨

发布时间：2018-06-10 07:58

本文选题：“有VP”句式 + 结构　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以普通话口语中的“有VP”句式为研究对象，通过文献阅读、论著考据、语料搜集分析等方法，对普通话“有VP”句式进行全面系统的研究，包括该句式分布、语用功能及其结构特点等问题，“有”的性质的判定以及对“有VP”句式对普通话系统的影响进行分析论证。最后，本文进行“有VP”句式教学探讨，通过对汉语学习者关于对“有VP”句式的感知程度、接触程度、学习兴趣与方式等的问卷调查，发现“有VP”句式的教学需求，提供具有参考价值的教学处理建议。研究得出：“有VP”句式主要分布在陈述句、疑问句和作答句中。在语用功能上，疑问句有两种：表询问，询问“已然”与否，是“有没有VP”的省略形式；表反问，形成或加强反问语气，起到肯定语意的作用。“有/有V”可以作为然否句的肯定回答。陈述句的功能分为两种情况：一种情况是“有”具有成句作用，，兼表“已然”与“肯定”，肯定程度根据语境和VP的叙述性而定。另一种情况是“有”不具有成句作用，仅表肯定或强调。“有”是个副词，与副词“没有”相互对应。“有VP”句式的出现和发展，将对普通话系统产生多方面的影响，比如实现对称性、丰富表达性和修正补充的作用。 “有VP”句式存在教学需求，若在教学中涉及“有VP”句式，可考虑本文在明确教学内容，区分难易点，确定教学顺序，合理划分教学对象以及选择多样教学方式上提出的参考建议。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the "YouVP" sentence pattern in spoken Mandarin as the research object, through the methods of literature reading, textual research, corpus collection and analysis, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the "YouVP" sentence pattern of Putonghua, including the distribution of the sentence pattern. Pragmatic functions and their structural characteristics, the determination of the nature of "you" and the influence of "having VP" sentence on the Putonghua system are analyzed and demonstrated. Finally, this paper makes a probe into the teaching of "with VP", and finds out the teaching demand of "there is VP" through the questionnaire of Chinese learners' perception, contact, learning interest and way of "having VP" sentence. It is concluded that the sentence of "YouVP" is mainly distributed in declarative sentences, interrogative sentences and answer sentences. In terms of pragmatic functions, interrogative sentences have two types: questioning, asking whether "already" is the form of ellipsis of "there is no VP", and expressing counterquestioning, forming or strengthening the tone of counterquestioning, plays a positive role in the meaning of utterance. Yes / V can be used as a positive answer to a negative sentence. The function of declarative sentence can be divided into two situations: one is that "you" has the function of sentence formation, and it also shows "already" and "affirmative", and the degree of affirmation depends on the context and the narration of VP. Another situation is that "you" does not have the effect of sentence, only express affirmation or emphasize. "you" is an adverb that corresponds to the adverb "no". The emergence and development of "YouVP" sentence will have many influences on the Putonghua system, such as realizing symmetry, enriching expressiveness and modifying complement. If there is a VP sentence in the teaching, we can consider the reference suggestions of this paper in defining the teaching content, distinguishing the difficult points, determining the teaching order, dividing the teaching objects reasonably and choosing various teaching methods.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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