从构式语法看汉语谐音仿拟

发布时间：2018-06-13 22:38

本文选题：谐音仿拟 + 仿语　；参考：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语中存在大量的谐音仿拟现象，，生成的谐音仿拟，有的符合语言生成一般规则，如：任人唯“钱”；有的完全不符合人们的认知规则，如：“蒜”你狠，此类仿语既改变了结构的常规匹配关系，又改变了语义的常规匹配关系。本文主要从构式语法的角度对其结构及语义的理解及生成机制进行阐释。在人们的认知域里，原语都是固化的口头语(pet phrases)，词语，成语(idioms)等，属于构式(construction)的范畴。构式的完型性(gestalt)能对任何偏离格式塔原型的扭曲现象施加一种心理操作，使之尽量回归到构式相对固化的形式和意义上来，从而使其结构合法化。构式具有独立的构式义(constructional meaning)，不随进入该构式的语言单位的变化而改变。仿语仅仿自原语，未改变原语的结构形式及语义特征。原语作为构式依附在语音形式上整体作用于仿语并影响仿语的结构及语义，与仿语共现(co-exist)。仿词(parodistic word)赋予了仿语新的语义。构式的承继性(inheritance)又可以把原语具有的语义特征传递给其示例(instance)-仿语。仿语的语义结合了原语的构式义及仿词的语义，实现语义增值(semantic added value)。因此，仿语的结构及语义可以被人们临时接受。把言语生成一般模式与构式语法结合起来可以更好的解释谐音仿拟的生成。外部世界的某种相似性，如：语音，语义或语境的相似性，激活了人们已知世界的一些固有表达及相关信息。人们再通过认知加工在已知信息的基础上替换固有表达的某些元素来填补外部世界存在的语言空位(language slot)，生成一种新的表达，即仿语(parodistic text)。
[Abstract]:There are a large number of homophonic parody phenomena in modern Chinese, some of which conform to the general rules of language generation, such as "money only" or "garlic". This kind of parody not only changes the normal matching relation of structure, but also changes the normal matching relation of semantics. In this paper, the structure and semantic understanding and generation mechanism are explained from the perspective of construction grammar. In people's cognitive domain, the original is a fixed colloquial word pet phraseses, words, idioms and so on, which belong to the category of construction. Gestalt can exert a psychological operation on any distortion that deviates from the Gestalt prototype, so as to make it return to the form and meaning of the relative solidification of the structure as far as possible, thus legalizing its structure. The construction has an independent construction meaning which does not change with the language unit entering the construction. Parody is only parody from the original, and does not change the structural form and semantic features of the original. As a kind of construction, the source language acts as a whole on the phonetic form and affects the structure and semantics of the imitation. Parodistic word gives a new meaning to parody. The inheritance of construction can transfer the semantic features of the primitive to its example instance- parody. The semantics of the parody combines the construction meaning of the original and the semantic of the parody, so that the semantic value can be added. Therefore, the structure and semantics of parody can be temporarily accepted. Combining the general pattern of speech generation with the construction grammar can better explain the generation of homophonic parody. Some similarities in the external world, such as phonological, semantic or contextual similarities, activate some inherent expressions and related information of the known world. By means of cognitive processing, some elements of inherent expressions are replaced on the basis of known information to fill the language gaps in the external world, and a new expression, parodistic text, is generated.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146.1

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