汉语互动交际中笑的语用功能：会话分析的视角

发布时间：2018-06-16 22:12

本文选题：笑 + 会话分析　；参考：《福建师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：笑作为人们日常生活及交往中常见的一个普遍现象,是人类与生俱来的一种生理机能,旨在表达情感,传递信息。它受到了不同领域学者的关注,其研究涉及心理学、哲学、修辞学、社会学等众多学科。会话分析理论是20世纪70年代早期,社会学家Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff和Gail Jefferson等人在研究日常会话结构的基础上提出的。它是现代应用语言学领域研究的一个分支,主要通过分析日常的口语语料从而深入了解人们会话话语的规律及特点。笑作为日常谈话中常见的非言语交际行为,自然可以成为其研究的对象。根据目前所掌握的材料,最早使用会话分析理论研究笑的是Jefferson。但遗憾的目前国内外学界结合汉语语料分析笑声语用功能的相关研究甚少。为此,本文选取中文电视谈话节目《小崔说事》中部分与笑有关的对话的作为分析对象,并将其详细转写为文本材料,尝试从会话分析的角度研究汉语交际互动中产生的笑,探索笑的语用功能,重点考察笑如何推进会话的顺利发展以及笑与礼貌之间的关系,为人们融洽交谈提供参考。在论文的理论构建部分,介绍了跨文化交际、幽默理论和会话分析三大理论对笑的研究现状,并在此基础上首先探讨了笑的共鸣特性及三种延长共鸣的方式。其次阐释了笑的语用功能,着重强调笑的礼貌功能,帮助人们更好地理解会话中出现的笑。本研究的主要贡献体现在三个方面。一是体现在研究发现上,揭示了会话各方如何通过笑成功实现融洽交谈；二是体现在理论上,本研究证明了笑是一种十分有用的交际策略；三是体现在实际应用上,在话语交际场合善于运用笑的语用功能就可以发挥与言语相同的作用,甚至可能比言语更有力量。
[Abstract]:As a common phenomenon in people's daily life and communication, laughter is a kind of inherent physiological function of human being, which aims to express emotion and transmit information. It has attracted the attention of scholars in different fields. Its research involves psychology, philosophy, rhetoric, sociology and so on. The theory of conversational analysis was put forward by the sociologists Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson in the early 1970s. It is a branch of the field of modern applied linguistics, mainly through the analysis of the daily spoken language data to understand the rules and characteristics of people's conversational discourse. Laughter, as a common non-verbal communication behavior in daily conversation, can naturally be the object of its research. According to the available materials, Jefferson is the first to use conversational analysis theory to study laughter. However, unfortunately, there are few researches on the pragmatic function of laughter at home and abroad. For this reason, this paper selects some of the dialogue related to laughter in the Chinese TV talk show "Xiao Cui Shuo" as the analysis object, and puts it in detail as the text material, and tries to study the laughter produced in the Chinese communication interaction from the perspective of conversational analysis. This paper explores the pragmatic functions of laughter, and focuses on how laughter can promote the smooth development of conversation and the relationship between laughter and politeness, thus providing a reference for people to talk harmoniously. In the part of theoretical construction of the thesis, the author introduces the research status of the three theories of cross-cultural communication, humor theory and conversational analysis, and then discusses the resonance characteristics of laughter and three ways of prolonging resonance. Secondly, the pragmatic function of laughter is explained, and the politeness function of laughter is emphasized to help people better understand laughter in conversation. The main contributions of this study are reflected in three aspects. One is the research findings, which reveal how the conversational parties successfully achieve harmonious conversation through laughter; the other is the theory, which proves that laughter is a very useful communication strategy; the third is reflected in the practical application. In the context of discourse communication, the pragmatic function of laughter can play the same role as speech, and may even be more powerful than speech.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】