《儿女英雄传》人物话语中的指人他称研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 04:24

本文选题：近代汉语 + 《儿女英雄传》　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：称谓在人类概念系统中至关重要,人类有了语言便有了相应的称谓。中国是个称谓语大国,很早就有介绍阐释称谓语的专书。现代汉语称谓语研究较为系统、成熟,研究方法和角度都丰富多样；古代汉语称谓语的研究也相对完整而且详实,但近代汉语中的称谓语研究则是相对最为零散、单薄的。同时,大部分学者都习惯于从语法语义角度来研究称谓语,从语言交际的语用层面来对称谓语进行解读分析的专注论文比较少见,因此近代汉语的称谓语从语用层面的研究有着可行性与必要性。指人他称是称谓系统中的一个部分,指人他称指的是：在交谈中涉及他人时的称呼,也就是对第三者的称呼,也叫叙称。《儿女英雄传》是晚清时期的旗人作家文康撰写的一部长篇章回体白话小说,该小说的语言反映了19世纪晚期的北京口语特点。我们研究《儿女英雄传》的语言可以上窥《红楼梦》的语言,下探当代的北京话,因此该著作是研究近代汉语向现代汉语发展的重要文献之一,具有较高的语料价值。本文的主要思路是分析《儿女英雄传》人物话语中指人他称的构成、分类和在言语交际中的作用。我们可以将《儿女英雄传》人物话语中的指人他称从与说话者、听话者以及非听说者关系角度分为3类；在言语交际中的主要作用是提供说话者、听话者之外的第三者的相关信息从而使对象更加明确,表现出说话者对指人他称所指对象的感情、态度及两者之间的关系,也表现说话者通过选择指人他称反映对听话者的感情、态度及说话者与听话者之间的相互关系,指人他称的使用反映了说话者、听话者和第三者之间的整体关系以及交际场合这种语境因素的制约作用,通过分析我们发现指人他称的使用与他称所指对象是否在场,没有必然的联系。全文除“绪论”和“结语”外,共分五个部分。绪论部分阐述了本课题的研究意义,概述了研究内容和要解决的问题,并介绍了主要的研究方法。第一章阐明《儿女英雄传》的语料性质,并对其语言研究方面的成果进行总结；然后从称谓语的归类问题入手,概述了各个时期称谓语的研究现状,并归纳了该著作中称谓语的使用情况。第二章从与说话者关系角度研究分析《儿女英雄传》中人物对话中的指人他称,包括该小说人物话语中从说话者角度出发的指人他称的结构类型,分类及表现手法。第三章从与听话者关系角度研究分析《儿女英雄传》中人物话语中的指人他称。第四章从非听说者关系角度研究分析《儿女英雄传》中的指人他称。该部分这块内容最为广泛,统计归纳难度最大。第五章研究分析《儿女英雄传》中指人他称的语用功能,分别从提供信息；出现语境包括从说话者与听话者角度出发进行研究的,从说话者与指人他称所指对象之间关系的角度为出发点进行研究的等等；不同交际场景的变换；以及从指人他称所指对象是否在现场的角度,分析了指人他称的意义和作用。
[Abstract]:The title is very important in the human concept system , and there is a corresponding title in the language . China is a great power country . It ' s a long time to introduce a special book to explain the name predicate . The study of modern Chinese is more systematic , mature , and the research method and the angle are rich and diverse ;
The study of the ancient Chinese name predicate is also relatively complete and detailed , but the study of the nominal predicate in modern Chinese is relatively the most sporadic and simple . At the same time , most scholars are accustomed to studying the title predicate from the semantic angle of grammar .

A person who refers to a part of a system , refers to the name of a person when he refers to another person , that is , a call to a third party , also called a classification .

This book is one of the most important documents to study the development of modern Chinese to modern Chinese , and has higher pragmatic value .

The main idea of this paper is to analyze the formation , classification and the role of his name in the discourse of the heroic legend of the sons and daughters , and we can classify the relationship between the speaker , the listener and the non - hearing person into three categories .
The main purpose of the speech communication is to provide the speaker and the third party outside the listener so as to make the object clearer , showing the relationship between the speaker ' s feelings , attitudes and the listener , and the speaker ' s restriction on the relationship between the speaker , the listener and the third party , and the contextual factor in the communicative context .

In addition to " Introduction " and " epilogue " , the whole is divided into five parts .

The introduction part expounds the research significance of the subject , summarizes the research contents and the problems to be solved , and introduces the main research methods .

In the first chapter , the author makes a summary of the linguistic character of the hero and the achievements of his language research .
Then , starting with the classification of the name predicate , the author summarizes the research situation of the title - predicate in each period , and induces the use of the title in the work .

In the second chapter , from the point of view of the relationship between the speaker and the speaker , the author points out that he refers to the structure type , classification and expression of the person he refers to from the speaker ' s point of view .

In the third chapter , from the perspective of the relationship between the listener and the listener , the author points out that he refers to the person in the discourse of the characters in the heroic legend .

In the fourth chapter , the author points out that the content of this part is the most extensive and the statistical summary is the most difficult .

In the fifth chapter , the author analyses the pragmatic functions of the Chinese and English heroes , and provides the information separately .
The emergence context includes research from the perspective of the speaker and the listener , from the point of view of the relationship between the speaker and the finger , and so on ;
the transformation of different communication scenes ;
and from the point of view of the person he referred to as whether or not the object is in the field , the meaning and function of his name are analyzed .
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146.2

【参考文献】