从中英量词对比看外国学生使用量词的偏误与对策

发布时间：2018-06-22 18:39

本文选题：量词 + 中英对比　；参考：《兰州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语和英语分属于不同的语言体系——汉语属于汉藏语系,英语属于印欧语系。量词是汉藏语系所特有的,而汉语作为汉藏语系的重要分支和代表,丰富的量词就成为汉语语法的一个重要特点。在现代汉语中,量词的使用非常普遍。但是,在英语词类中却并没有明确划分出这样的一种词类,在对数量概念的表达上也有着不同的形式。因此,量词就成为了许多外国学生学习汉语的一个难点。本文旨在通过对比汉语量词与英语量词的不同,探寻中英量词不同的原因,进而指出和分析外国学生使用汉语量词的偏误,提出相应的对策,希望能对日后的对外汉语量词教学有所帮助,让外国学生更好地掌握汉语中的量词。本文正文分为五个部分。第一部分就HSK大纲中对量词的要求进行概述,并说明本文研究的目的与意义。第二部分为中英量词对比——从定义、分类和语法特征三个方面,并阐述原因,列举部分量词的中英文表达。而在第三部分中,本文对外国学生使用量词的偏误进行分析：首先,阐述外国人使用量词的偏误类型,分为七种；其次,分析偏误产生的原因。第四部分将针对不同阶段的学生对量词教学提出对策,并且对部分近义量词进行辨析。第五部分为结语,在总结全文的基础上,提出本文的局限性以及有待进一步研究的问题。
[Abstract]:Chinese and English belong to different language systems-Chinese belongs to Chinese-Tibetan language family, English belongs to Indo-European family. Quantifiers are unique to Chinese and Tibetan languages, and Chinese, as an important branch and representative of Chinese and Tibetan languages, has become an important feature of Chinese grammar. In modern Chinese, the use of quantifiers is very common. However, in English parts of speech, there is not a clear division of such a part of speech, in the expression of quantitative concepts have different forms. Therefore, quantifiers have become a difficult point for many foreign students to learn Chinese. By comparing the differences between Chinese classifiers and English classifiers, this paper explores the reasons for the differences between Chinese and English classifiers, and then points out and analyzes the errors in the use of Chinese classifiers by foreign students and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the teaching of classifiers in TCFL in the future, so that foreign students can master the classifiers in Chinese better. The text of this paper is divided into five parts. The first part summarizes the requirements of classifiers in HSK outline, and explains the purpose and significance of this study. The second part is the comparison of Chinese and English classifiers-from the definition, classification and grammatical features, and explains the reasons, enumerates some quantifiers in English and Chinese expressions. In the third part, this paper analyzes the errors of foreign students' use of quantifiers. Firstly, it explains the types of errors of the words used by foreigners, which are divided into seven types; secondly, it analyzes the causes of the errors. The fourth part will be aimed at different stages of students to measure the teaching countermeasures, and some synonyms are analyzed. The fifth part is the conclusion, on the basis of summing up the full text, put forward the limitations of this paper and the problems to be further studied.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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