指称关系和任意关系、差异关系——索绪尔语言符号观排除外在事物原因探究

发布时间：2018-06-23 12:33

本文选题：心理现实 + 客观现实　；参考：《外语教学与研究》2013年03期

【摘要】：索绪尔所称的现实是言说者意识中的语言事实,是心理现实或符号现实,不是本维尼斯特以为的外在的事物或客观现实。同样,一切发音行为只有在言说者的听觉印象当中才成为语音现实。索绪尔不探究词与物的指称关系,注重词与意义的任意关系、词与词的差异关系,这是以言说者的意识为出发点看待问题导致的结果。概念和听觉印象都是纯粹意识的事实,具有均质性,能构成整体性,而事物与名称两者之间不具有这样的特性。概念与听觉印象的关系构成的总体远比事物和名称的构成体要完整。现实是价值、单位和同一性;概念与听觉印象的关系和价值是人为地、外在地赋予的,它们在同一性和现实之中是任意的关系。词与意义的任意关系,有效地拓展了语言符号蕴含意义的无限可能性。词与词的差异关系,具有产生无限的意义和价值的潜能。词与物的指称关系则虚化或忽略了词与词的关系,虚化或忽略了意义的明确存在,脱离了符号的一般法则,因此,索绪尔排除客观现实、外在事物在语言符号学中的存在。
[Abstract]:The reality called by Saussure is the language fact in the speaker's consciousness, the psychological reality or the symbolic reality, not the external or objective reality that benitt thinks. In the same way, all pronunciation acts only become phonetic reality only in the speaker's auditory impression. Saussure does not explore the relation of the referential relationship between words and things, and pays attention to words and meanings. The relationship between meaning and word, the difference relationship between words and words, which is the result of the point of view as the starting point of the speaker's consciousness. Both the concept and the auditory impression are the facts of the pure consciousness. It is homogeneous and integral, and there is no such characteristic between the thing and the name. The relationship of the concept and the auditory impression is the overall distance. It is more complete than the composition of things and names. Reality is value, unit and identity; the relationship and value of concept and auditory impression are artificially and externally endowed. They are arbitrary relations in the same nature and reality. The arbitrary relationship between words and meaning can effectively expand the infinite possibility of the meaning of language symbols. Words and words The relation of difference has the potential to produce infinite meaning and value. The relation between words and things is virtual or ignores the relationship between words and words, and ignores or ignores the explicit existence of meaning and is divorced from the general rule of symbols. Therefore, Saussure excludes objective reality and the existence of external things in language semiotics.
【作者单位】：山东大学;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“索绪尔手稿再研究”(09BWW022) 教育部人文社科基地重大项目“符号科学的发展和文学理论的突破”(12JJD750014)的阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：H0

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