基于语料库的中文体育新闻标题中的概念隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 02:37

  本文选题：概念隐喻 + 中文体育新闻标题　； 参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：当代认知语言学认为,隐喻不仅是一种语言现象,更是一种认知现象,是人类一种基本的思维、认知和概念化方式。LakoffJohnson于1980年首次在其著作《我们赖以生存的隐喻》中从认知科学的全新视角对隐喻进行系统的研究,其提出的概念隐喻理论,被广泛应用到许多学科的隐喻研究并产生了丰硕的成果。近年来,我国研究隐喻的文章层出不穷,涉及到政治、经济、科技等许多领域,但对体育新闻中的隐喻研究还很有限。另一方面,体育正逐渐成为人们社会和文化生活中不可或缺的一部分,人们不仅热衷于亲身参与到各类体育活动之中,更乐于阅读和分享来自世界各地的体育新闻。为了增强报道的生动性和可读性,隐喻的大量运用成为中文体育新闻的重要特点之一。 有鉴于此,本研究基于由国内权威专业体育类网站体坛网(www.titan24.com)2011年8月共约13,000条文章标题构成的中文体育新闻标题语料库,采用LakoffJohnson的概念隐喻理论框架,定量和定性研究相结合,综合运用文献分析、统计计量、问卷调查等方法,结合实例对中文体育新闻标题中隐喻的基本类型、功能特点进行实证性的研究,并对田径、游泳、球类三大体育项目中隐喻的使用进行对比分析,以期揭示中文体育新闻标题中隐喻的认知规律,总结中文体育新闻标题中隐喻使用的优缺点,提出改进建议,从而深化对中文体育新闻标题中隐喻的认识,促进体育新闻创作质量,增强新闻标题的感染力。 研究发现,概念隐喻在中文体育新闻标题中得以大量应用,涵盖方位隐喻、本体隐喻和结构隐喻。其中,方位隐喻主要包括“上/下”方位隐喻(8.21%)和“高/低”方位隐喻(4.03%)。本体隐喻主要包括两种实体与物质隐喻——机会隐喻(0.27%)和突破隐喻(0.24%),以及两种容器隐喻——身体隐喻(9.91%)和时期隐喻(1.47%)。结构隐喻主要包括以下六种：战争隐喻(43.20%)、旅途隐喻(7.17%)、戏剧隐喻(6.61%)、学校隐喻(6.47%)、植物隐喻(3.37%)和商业隐喻(2.24%)。 田径、游泳、球类三大体育项目中使用隐喻的相似之处主要在于：三大体育项目中使用频率最高的隐喻类型都是战争隐喻；使用频率最低的都是实体与物质隐喻；方位隐喻和本体隐喻的使用频率及其分布都很接近。三大体育项目中使用隐喻的不同之处主要有：球类中文体育新闻标题中使用战争隐喻、学校隐喻以及商业隐喻的频率明显高于田径和游泳；游泳中使用旅途隐喻的频率低于球类和田径；田径中使用戏剧隐喻的频率高于游泳和球类；球类中使用更多植物隐喻“运动员(或教练)是植物(或栽培者)”,而游泳和田径中使用更多植物隐喻“运动生涯是生长过程”。 基于以上分析结果,本研究通过问卷调查的方式了解读者对中文体育新闻标题中不同隐喻的接受程度。调查结果表明,在同组中文体育新闻标题中,使用了实体与物质隐喻或戏剧隐喻的标题更具吸引读者的效果。而在同组中文体育新闻标题中,读者对使用了战争隐喻中某些暴力血腥表达的标题以及使用了商业隐喻中某些涉嫌侮辱运动员的表达均表示反感。在这些标题中,隐喻的使用不仅没能吸引更多读者,反而起到相反的效果。因此,在今后中文体育新闻标题的实际创作中,记者和编辑一方面可以更好地利用实体与物质隐喻和戏剧隐喻；另一方面应该尽量避免使用战争隐喻中某些暴力血腥的表达以及商业隐喻中某些涉嫌侮辱运动员的表达,从而提高体育新闻的创作质量及其对读者的吸引力。
[Abstract]:The contemporary cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cognitive phenomenon. It is a basic thought of human being. In 1980,.LakoffJohnson was the first to study metaphor systematically from the new perspective of cognitive science in the metaphor which we live on in 1980. Metaphor theory has been widely applied to the study of metaphor in many disciplines and has produced fruitful results. In recent years, there have been numerous articles on metaphor in our country, involving many fields such as politics, economy, science and technology, but the study of metaphor in sports news is still limited. On the other hand, sports are becoming more and more important in people's social and cultural life. As a part of the lack, people are not only keen to participate in all kinds of sports activities, but also enjoy reading and sharing sports news from all over the world. In order to enhance the vividness and readability of the reports, the use of metaphor has become one of the most important features of Chinese sports news.
In view of this, the study is based on a Chinese sports news headline corpus of about 13000 articles in August 2011, which is composed of the title of the domestic authoritative professional sports website sports network (www.titan24.com). It adopts the framework of LakoffJohnson's conceptual metaphor theory, the quantitative and qualitative research, and the comprehensive use of literature analysis, statistical measurement and questionnaire survey. This paper makes an empirical study on the basic types and functional characteristics of metaphors in Chinese sports news headlines, and makes a comparative analysis of the use of metaphor in three sports events, such as track and field, swimming and ball games, in order to reveal the recognition law of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines and summarize the use of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines. In order to deepen the understanding of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines, promote the quality of sports news creation and enhance the appeal of news headlines.
It is found that conceptual metaphor is widely used in Chinese sports news headlines, including orientation metaphors, ontological metaphors and structural metaphors. Among them, metaphorical metaphors mainly include "upper / lower" orientation metaphors (8.21%) and "high / low" azimuth metaphors (4.03%). Ontological metaphors mainly include two physical and material Metaphors - opportunity metaphor (0.27%) and Breakthrough metaphor (0.24%), and two kinds of container Metaphors - body metaphor (9.91%) and period metaphor (1.47%). Structural metaphors mainly include the following six types: War Metaphor (43.20%), journey metaphor (7.17%), drama metaphor (6.61%), school metaphor (6.47%), plant metaphor (3.37%) and commercial metaphor (2.24%).
The similarity of metaphors in three major sports events in track and field, swimming and ball games mainly lies in the following: the most frequently used metaphors in the three sports events are war metaphors; the lowest use frequencies are both physical and material metaphors; the frequency and distribution of the azimuth and ontological metaphors are both very close. Three sports events The differences in the use of metaphor are as follows: the use of war metaphors in the Chinese sports headlines of the ball, the frequency of school metaphors and commercial metaphors is obviously higher than that of track and field and swimming; the frequency of use of travel metaphors in swimming is lower than that of ball and track and field; the frequency of use of dramatic metaphors in track and field is higher than that of swimming and ball; the use of the ball is more than that of the ball. Many plant metaphors "athletes (or coaches) are plants (or growers)", while swimming and athletics use more plant metaphors "sports career is a growth process".
Based on the results of the above analysis, this study investigates the readers' acceptance of different metaphors in Chinese sports news headlines by means of questionnaires. The results show that in the same group of Chinese sports news titles, the title of the entity and material metaphor or the title of the dramatic metaphor is more attractive to the readers. In the title, the reader is antipathetic to the use of some violent and bloody headlines in the war metaphor and the use of some allegedly insulting athletes in the commercial metaphor. In these titles, the use of metaphor not only fails to attract more readers, but plays the opposite effect. Therefore, the future Chinese sports news headlines are true. On the one hand, journalists and editors can make better use of physical and material metaphors and dramatic metaphors; on the other hand, we should try to avoid the use of some violent and bloody expressions in war metaphors, as well as some of the allegations of insulting athletes in commercial metaphors, so as to improve the quality of sports news and its appeal to the readers.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15
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本文编号：2059611