现代汉语重叠式频率副词研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 01:34

本文选题：频率副词 + 重叠　；参考：《南京林业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：文章以现代汉语重叠式频率副词为研究对象，以大量语料为事实依据，从句法、语义、语用三个层面对现代汉语重叠式频率副词进行较为系统的研究，并结合历时考察，对汉语重叠式频率副词的产生与发展进行分析，运用认知语言学、类型学等相关理论探讨了汉语重叠式频率副词发展演变的动因，从多角度分析了现代汉语重叠式频率副词的特点。文章首先探讨了现代汉语频率副词的概念与范围，厘清了重叠式副词与副词重叠式的区别，进而明确了研究对象，即现代汉语重叠式频率副词，具体包括”常常”、“每每”、“连连”、“屡屡”、“频频”、“时时”、“往往”这七个副词。其后分别从句法、语义、语用三个平面分析了现代汉语重叠式频率副词的特征：（一）句法层面：“常常”类频率副词的主要句法功能是在句中充当状语，修饰谓语；在与谓词性成分搭配时，都能修饰光杆动词、动宾短语、带趋向补语的动补短语，都能与动态助词“了”共现；与其他副词状语共现时，也表现出很多共性。同时，各成员在句法特征上也表现出诸多个性差异，，其中以“往往”的个性最多突出。（二）语义层面：“常常”类频率副词都能表示动作行为在单位时间内的重复量，具有重复量指大性、模糊性、离散性。同时，各成员在能否表示状态的重复、能否表示延续量、是否具有短时义、是否具有规律性、判断性等方面都存在诸多差异。（三）语用层面：“常常”类频率副词都能用于陈述句，较少用于疑问句、感叹句，而只有“常常”、“时时”能用于祈使句；都可以用于主动态、被动态、使动态的句式中，当用于“被”字句时，整个句式多表示出一种不如意或遭受损失的消极色彩。“常常”类频率副词用于书面语的比例要远高于口语。“常常”类频率副词中“常常”、“往往”、“频频”、“屡屡”具有聚焦功能，其位置的改变也会使句子的语义重心、表达的焦点发生改变。文章又从历时角度考察了“常常”类重叠式频率副词的词汇化及语法化过程，并结合共时研究，对“常常”类重叠式频率副词在现代汉语共时平面中呈现出的诸多差异进行解释，指出共时平面上复杂表现其实是它们历时演变不断沉积的结果。随后探讨了诱发汉语重叠式频率副词产生与发展的动因。总的来说，汉语重叠式频率副词的发展演变是认知规律、语用需求、汉语自身特点等因素共同作用的结果。
[Abstract]:Taking the reduplicated frequency adverbs in modern Chinese as the research object and taking a large number of corpus as the factual basis, this paper makes a systematic study of the reduplication frequency adverbs in modern Chinese from three aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, and makes a diachronic investigation. This paper analyzes the emergence and development of Chinese reduplicated frequency adverbs, and probes into the causes of the development and evolution of Chinese reduplicated frequency adverbs by means of cognitive linguistics, typology and other relevant theories. This paper analyzes the characteristics of reduplicated frequency adverbs in modern Chinese from various angles. This paper first discusses the concept and scope of frequency adverbs in modern Chinese, clarifies the differences between reduplicated adverbs and adverbs, and then clarifies the object of study, namely, reduplication frequency adverbs in modern Chinese, including "often" and "every time". The seven adverbs are "successive", "repeated", "frequently", "always" and "often". Then, from three aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, this paper analyzes the characteristics of reduplicated frequency adverbs in modern Chinese: (1) syntactic level: the main syntactic function of "often" type frequency adverbs is to act as adverbial in sentences; The modifier predicate, when collocated with predicate elements, can modify bare verbs, verb-object phrases, verb-complement phrases with directional complements, can co-appear with the dynamic auxiliary, and with other adverbial adverbials, it also shows a lot of commonness. At the same time, the syntactic features of the members also show many personality differences, of which the "often" personality is the most prominent. (2) semantic level: "often" frequency adverbs can express the repetition amount of action behavior in unit time, and have repetition quantity meaning large, fuzzy and discrete. At the same time, there are many differences in whether the members can express the repetition of the state, whether they can represent the continuation quantity, whether they have the short-term meaning, whether they have the regularity, the judgment and so on. (3) pragmatic level: "often" frequency adverbs can be used in declarative sentences, less in interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences, while only "often" and "always" can be used in imperative sentences. When used with the word "be", the whole pattern expresses a negative color of dissatisfactory or loss. Frequent frequency adverbs are used more frequently in written language than in spoken language. In the adverbs of "often", "frequently" and "frequently", "often" has the function of focusing, and the change of its position will also change the semantic center of the sentence and the focus of expression. The paper also examines the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the "often" type of frequency adverbs from a diachronic point of view, and combines with a synchronic study. This paper explains the differences in the synchronic plane of the "often" reduplicated frequency adverbs in modern Chinese, and points out that the complex expression in the synchronic plane is actually the result of their diachronic evolution and deposition. Then it discusses the causes of the emergence and development of the induced Chinese superposition frequency adverbs. In general, the development and evolution of Chinese superimposed frequency adverbs is the result of the combination of cognitive law, pragmatic demand and Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

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